啤酒发酵计算机控制系统硬件设计与实现
摘 要
本论文以啤酒发酵过程为工程背景,对啤酒发酵过程的自动化及其控制策略进行研究,旨在达到利用先进自控技术来提升传统产业的综合技术水平的现实意义。针对啤酒发酵过程具有大惯性、时滞，非线性，采集点分布分散的特点，本系统采用计算机控制系统中的集散控制系统（DCS）分布式控制。系统的研制可提高自动化程度和集成各种信息，控制生产工艺。具有可靠性高，性能高，分散控制，集中监视和管理功能。该系统采用上、下位微机协调监控的控制方案，由系统工程师站和现场控制站组成，选用PC机作为上位机，西门子S7-300PLC作为下位机,采用PROFIBUS—DP总线技术实现对发酵罐内温度和压力实行现场控制和管理监控功能。生产实践证明，该系统抗干扰能力强，运行稳定，用户界面友好，满足了大规模生产的需要，可在啤酒行业推广应用。
关键词：啤酒发酵 PLC DCS 计算机控制
Beer Fermentation Control System of Computer Hardware Design and Implementation
ABSTRACT
The thesis mainly introduces the process of beer fermentation for the engineering background of the beer fermentation process automation and control strategy of the study aims to achieve the controlled use of advanced technology to upgrade traditional industries and skill levels a comprehensive practical significance. For beer fermentation process with large inertia, delay, non-linear, decentralized collection of the characteristics of distribution, the system uses a computer control system of distributed control system (DCS) Distributed Control. System can increase the degree of automation and integration of a variety of information, control of production processes. High reliability, high-performance, distributed control, centralized monitoring and management capabilities. The system uses the upper and lower control-bit microprocessor control program coordinated by the systems engineer and on-site control station component.Selected as a PC-PC, Siemens S7-300PLC as the under-bit machines, the use of PROFIBUS-DP bus implementation of the fermentation tank temperature and pressure control and management of on-site monitoring capabilities. Production Practice has proved that the anti-interference ability of the system running stable, user-friendly to meet the needs of a large-scale production can be applied in the beer industry.
Key words：beer fermentation PLC DCS computer control techniques
目 录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1引言 1
1.1啤酒工业概述 1
1.2我国啤酒工业发展现状 1
1.3啤酒发酵工艺流程 1
2啤酒发酵控制系统总体方案设计 3
2.1控制系统要求分析 3
2.1.1被控对象 3
2.1.2 控制功能 3
2.2控制策略和控制算法 4
3啤酒发酵控制系统方案综述 6
3.1方案构想 6
3.2方案比较及选用依据 8
4啤酒发酵控制系统硬件设计 9
4.1上位机系统硬件设计 10
4.2下位机系统硬件设计 10
4.2.1可编程控制器（PLC）简述 10
4.2.2 西门子S7-300系列PLC 11
4.2.3 PLC模块的配置 12
4.2.4 PLC的I/O资源配置 14
4.2.5 选择变送器和执行机构 14
4.3上，下位机通信 15
4.3.1 PROFIBUS现场总线 15
4.3.2 PROFIBUS-DP 15
5啤酒发酵控制系统软件设计 17
5.1系统程序流程图设计 17
5.2 PLC功能模块设计 17
5.3 上位机组态软件设计 18
6 啤酒发酵控制系统可靠性，经济性，抗干扰设计 21
7 结论 22
参考文献 23
附录 24
谢辞 37
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