基于EasyARM1138的城市公交路线智能查询机
摘 要
世界各国政府尤其是发达国家把解决交通问题作为经济建设的重要课题。我国面临的局面更为复杂，要彻底解决我国交通拥挤的局面就必须发展公共交通，改变人们出行方式，使城市交通进入以公共交通为主，私人轿车出行为辅的发展模式。
公交系统是城市交通的一个重要组成部分，公交运行管理智能化、人性化是提高公交服务水平的基础，也是提高运营效率、改善公交运营调度与企业管理的必要手段，体现了一个城市的现代化交通管理水平，是中国解决交通问题的重要措施之一。
无线通讯技术的快速发展，特别是3G的投入使用以及中国在下一代互联网研究、部署和产业化方面都得到迅速发展，为智能公交的发展提供了充分的条件。
本课题就是利用嵌入式技术，开发一个城市公交路线智能查询机系统。系统在EasyARM1138开发板上进行设计与实验。为了更好地进行各个任务的调度，我们采用μC/OSⅡ实时操作系统作为移植系统。在操作系统控制下实现对公交路线的查询、公交报站、城市指南和一卡通信息的查询。出行前为出行者提供智能顾问，选择出行和换乘方案；出行中，为出行者提供电子向导、动态实时信息服务，构建一个面向各种出行者的综合性城市交通信息服务系统，及时准确地提供各种交通及出行服务，满足社会对交通信息服务的需求。
本文中实现的系统模型为城市公交信息查询提供了一套可行的解决方案，随着系统功能的不断完善和扩展，基于嵌入式技术的城市公交查询系统必将得到广泛的应用和肯定。
关键词：EasyARM1138开发板 μC/OSⅡ 城市公交信息
Public transport routes intelligent query machine based on the EasyARM1138
Abstract
Governments around the world, especially the developed country are all dedicated in solving the traffic problem, considering it an important concern in the course of economic construction. Currently our country is facing a more complicated situation. In claiming for a full settlement of traffic congestion, China has to develop its public transport and make people change their trip mode. That is to say, making the municipal traffic be the public transport based development mode, supplemented by the private car traveling.
Public transportation system is an important component of the city transportation. Intelligent traffic commanding and humanized management system is the basis of improving the public transportation, it is also an essential means for improving operational efficiency, optimize the dispatching system and business administration, besides, it’s one of the important measures for China to solve its traffic problem and reflects the city’s modern management level.
The rapid development of Wireless communication technology, especially the use of 3G and the rapid development of the next-generation internet Research, deployment and industrialization all provide sufficient conditions for the development of intelligence public transport.
This article mainly researches in developing a city bus routes intelligence enquiry system. This system is designed and tested based on the EasyARM1138 breadboard. In order to perform better dispatching of each task, we adoptμC/OSⅡRTOS as the transplant system. Under the control of the operating system, the inquiry on bus routes, bus stop, City Guide, One-Card information can be realized. It provides intelligence consult for travelers to choose the route and transfer program before traveling, it also provides travelers with Electronic Guide and Dynamic real-time information services, constructing a traveler-oriented comprehensive city traffic information service system which will provide all kinds of traffic and travel services to satisfy the whole society’s demands for traffic information.
The system model realized in this article provides a set of an acceptable formula for the inquiry of city public transport information. With the continuous improvement and expansion of the system function, the city bus routes inquiry system will get affirmation and gain wide application.
Key words: EasyARM1138 platform μC/OSⅡ Urban public transport information
目 录
摘要.....................................................I
ABSTRACT................................................II
1 绪论...................................................1
1.1 引言.................................................1
2.2 发展前景.................................................2
2 系统设计...................................................3
2.1 可行性分析...............................................3
2.2 系统分析.................................................3
2.3 终端模块设计.............................................4
3 开发环境介绍和硬件选型................................5
3.1 EasyARM1138开发套件简介.................................5
3.1.1 EasyARM1138开发套件功能特点...........................6
3.2 IAR EWARM集成开发环境介绍..............................7
3.2.1 IAR EWARM简介.........................................7
3.2.2 LM LINK调试器简介.....................................7
3.3触摸屏控制芯片选型.......................................7
3.4无线通讯模块选型.........................................9
3.4.1 ZigBee技术简介........................................9
3.4.2 ZigBee技术与其它无线技术的比较........................9
3.4.3 ZigBee技术优势........................................9
4 模块设计与实现.......................................10
4.1 无线模块的设计与实现....................................10
4.1.1 ZigBee技术应用的协议.................................10
4.1.2 ZigBee技术的网络拓扑结构及网络设备类型...............10
4.1.3 ZigBee的实现.........................................11
4.2显示模块的设计与实现.................................... 11
4.2.1硬件接口定义 ..........................................11
4.2.2 TFT-LCD底层驱动编写 ..................................13
4.2.3 TFT-LCD高级API函数编写 ..............................16
4.3控制模块的设计与实现 ....................................19
4.3.1触摸屏工作原理 ........................................19
4.3.2驱动程序 ..............................................21
5 系统测试与应用........................................26
5.1系统测试及性能分析 ......................................26
5.1.1系统测试目的 ..........................................26
5.1.2测试方法 ..............................................26
5.1.3测试步骤与过程 ........................................26
5.1.4测试用例 ..............................................27
5.2系统特点及优势 ..........................................29
5.3系统应用 ................................................29
5.3.1公交站点应用 ..........................................29
5.3.2城市十字路口应用 ......................................29
5.3.3大型商场应用 ..........................................30
5.3.4 学校门口应用..........................................30
5.3.5 地铁和汽车站应用......................................30
6 结束语................................................32
参考文献................................................33
附录....................................................34
谢辞....................................................36
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