幼儿教师专业发展动机及其影响因素研究
中文摘要
幼儿教师专业发展动机是促使幼儿教师积极进行专业提升的行为和活动,是有效推动教师专业发展的内在力量。笔者通过查阅文献发现,目前国内关于幼儿教师专业发展动机的研究还比较薄弱,以往的研究侧重于从人口变量对幼儿教师专业发展动机的作用进行研究,缺乏对幼儿教师专业发展动机状况的总体考察,对影响幼儿教师专业发展动机因素的分析不够全面,缺乏一定的系统性、周密性和针对性。笔者通过日常观察也发现,幼儿教师的专业发展动机状况直接影响着幼儿教师在自我专业提升过程中的努力程度,并影响着幼儿教师的职业成熟和职业成就。
本文采用问卷调查法与访谈法,以河南省五个具有代表性的市级、县级、乡级、村级幼儿园的680名幼儿教师为研究对象,对其幼儿教师专业发展动机问题进行研究。利用SPSS11.5统计软件,进行方差分析、相关分析、回归分析等数据统计分析,结合访谈资料,详细地展现了幼儿教师专业发展动机状况,并从教师的个人背景、幼儿园的物质环境、教师的内隐能力、幼儿园的精神环境和教师的人际支持五大方面具体分析影响幼儿教师专业发展动机的各种因素。研究表明:
幼儿教师专业发展动机状况具有以下主要特征:幼儿教师专业发展动机仍需进一步改善;幼儿教师群体内部在专业发展动机上存在较大差异;幼儿教师专业发展动机各个文度的状况呈现不平衡状态;幼儿教师专业发展动机是多文度同时共存的;无动机状况不容忽视。
影响因素对幼儿教师专业发展动机作用的总体特点:(1)年龄、职称与学历、专业性质和薪水状况因素对幼儿教师专业发展动机的总体影响不大;教龄、职务、婚姻状况与健康状况因素对幼儿教师专业发展动机的影响比较明显。(2)幼儿园的位置、类型、资源条件与经济状况对幼儿教师专业发展动机的影响较明显,其中幼儿园的资源条件与经济状况是核心影响因素。(3)在幼儿教师的内隐能力因素中,幼儿教师的人际支持、专业发展效能感、时间规划能力是影响幼儿教师专业发展动机的重要因素,对幼儿教师专业发展的总动机具有直接显著的预测作用。(4)幼儿园的学习氛围、合作文化、领导方式、评价机制以及工作中的公正体验、工作前景期待是影响幼儿教师专业发展动机的重要因素,其中幼儿园的评价机制是核心影响因素。(5)领导与同事的帮助、朋友的认可、家人的体谅与支持以及幼儿园的领导重视程度对幼儿教师专业发展动机有着重要的影响,其中幼儿园的领导重视程度是核心影响因素。
基于此,结合相关的研究资料,针对如何改善幼儿教师专业发展动机状况,尝试提出了一些教育建议:提高全社会对于幼教职业的认可度;实行民主公正化的幼儿园领导和管理;确立以促进发展为目的的幼儿教师评价制度;提高幼儿教师的自我规划能力;增强幼儿教师专业发展的效能感。关键词:动机;专业发展动机;幼儿教师专业发展动机
Abstract
Pre-school teachers’ professional development motivation is an activity and behavior which actively promote pre-school teachers to take professional promotion, is an effective inner strength for teachers' professional development .Based on search and read the documents ,the author found that at present domestic literatures on pre-school teachers’ professional development motivation research are also weak, the past research has focused on the function of population variables of pre-school teachers' professional development motivation, but lack of the overall situation of this ,and the analysis of affecting factors is not comprehensive , they are all lack of certain systemic, careful and pertinence. Through daily observation the author also found that the situation of pre-school teachers’ professional development motivation directly affects the pre-school teachers’ efforts in the process of ascension, and also influence them professional mature and professional achievements.
Using questionnaires and interviews, this paper took 680 pre-school teachers from the five representatives in Henan county, township, city and village kindergarten as research object, study their professional development motivation. Using SPSS11.5 software carries on the analysis of variance, correlation analysis and regression analysis, data analysis, and statistical data, combining the interviews documents, detaily showing the situation of pre-school teachers’professional development motivation. From the teachers' personal background factors, the physical environment of the kindergarten and the inner factors of the teachers, the physical environment of the kindergarten and the social support factors to analysis the various factors which influence the pre-school teachers’ professional development motivation. Research shows that:
The situation of pre-school teachers’ professional development motivation has the following characteristics: the teachers’ professional development motivation still need to further improve; there are big differences about the professional development motivation within the teacher group; the condition of teachers’ professional develop-
ment motivation present imbalance; teachers’ professional development motivation is multidimensional coexist, no motive state can not be ignore.
The general characteristics of Influence factors of pre-school teachers' professional development motivation are as follows: (1) The overall impact of the age, professional and academic, professional nature and salary status on pre-
school teachers' professional development motivation are not obvious. However, school age, occupation, marital status and health condition impact the teachers' professional development motivation clearly. (2) The location, type, resources and economic condition of kindergarten have obvious influence on pre-school teachers' professional development motivation, and the resources and economy condition is the core factor. (3) Among the pre-school teachers' implicit capacity factors, teachers' social support, professional development selfefficacy, time planning ability are important influencing factors on pre-school teachers' professional development motivation, and they hav e significant effect on the total motivation of pre-school teachers'. (4) The study atmosphere of kindergarten, cooperate culture, leadership, the evaluation mechanism, the experience of justice in working and the job prospects are important factors which affect pre-school teachers' professional development motivation ,and the evaluation mechanism of kindergarten is the core factor. (5) The help of leadership and colleagues, the recognition of friends, the understanding and support of families and the attention degree of the leadership have a significant impact on the kindergarten teachers' professional development 辣,文-论'文.网http://www.751com.cn the relevant research documents, this paper tried to put forward some education suggestions on how to improve the condition of pre-school teachers' professional development motivation;to improve the social recognition of the pre-school profession ;to carry out the democratic and justice kindergarten leadership and management; to establish the pre-school teacher evaluation system which purpose is to promote development ; to improve the pre-school teachers' self planning ability; to enhance pre-school teachers' selfefficacy of professional development.
Keywords: motivation;professional development motivation; pre-school teachers’ professional development motivation
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 I
第一部分 问题提出 1
一、研究缘起 1
二、研究意义 2
三、研究综述 2
(一)核心概念的界定 2
(二)幼儿教师专业发展动机的影响因素研究 5
(三)幼儿教师专业发展动机的影响因素研究现状 6
第二部分 研究设计 8
一、研究思路 8
二、研究目的 9
三、研究方法 9
(一)问卷法 9
(二)访谈法 9
四、研究对象 10
五、研究的工具与实施 10
(一)研究问卷的编制与试测 10
(二)数据的分析与处理 16
第三部分 幼儿教师专业发展动机状况的分析 18
一、总体动机状况分析 18
二、各文度动机状况分析 18
(一)各文度动机状况分析理想追求型动机状况 18
(二)兴趣愉悦型动机状况 19
(三)价值实现型动机状况 20
(四)责任依附型动机状况 21
(五)利益驱动型动机状况 22
(辣)外力强迫型动机状况 23
(七)无动机状况 24
第四部分 幼儿教师专业发展动机的影响因素分析 25
一、教师个人背景因素与幼儿教师专业发展动机的关系研究 25
(一)年龄对教师专业发展动机的影响 25
(二)教龄对教师专业发展动机的影响 26
(三)职称对教师专业发展动机的影响 27
(四)职务对教师专业发展动机的影响 28
(五)学历对教师专业发展动机的影响 29
(辣)专业性质类型对教师专业发展动机的影响 30
(七)婚姻状况对教师专业发展动机的影响 30
(八)健康状况对教师专业发展动机的影响 31
(九)薪水状况对教师专业发展动机的影响 32
二、幼儿园物质环境因素与幼儿教师专业发展动机的关系研究 32
(一)幼儿园位置对教师专业发展动机的影响 33
(二)幼儿园类型对教师专业发展动机的影响 34
(三)幼儿园的资源条件与经济状况对教师专业发展动机的影响 34
三、教师个人内隐因素与幼儿教师专业发展动机之间的关系研究 35
(一)从职动机对教师专业发展动机的影响 35
(二)职业价值认同对教师专业发展动机的影响 36
(三)职业角色认同对教师专业发展动机的影响 37
(四)时间管理能力对教师专业发展动机的影响 38
(五)专业发展效能感对教师专业发展动机的影响 39
(辣)专业发展自主感对教师专业发展动机的影响 39
(七)专业发展观念对幼儿教师专业发展动机的影响 40
(八)专业发展阶段对教师专业发展动机的影响 40
四、幼儿园精神环境因素与幼儿教师专业发展动机的关系研究 41
(一)幼儿园的学习氛围对教师专业发展动机的影响 41
(二)幼儿园的合作文化对教师专业发展动机的影响 42
(三)幼儿园的领导方式对教师专业发展动机的影响 42
(四)幼儿园的评价机制对教师专业发展动机的影响 42
(五)工作中的公正体验对教师专业发展动机的影响 43
(辣)成就知觉与工作前景期待对教师专业发展动机的影响 43
(七)学术科研交流对教师专业发展动机的影响 44
五、人际支持因素与幼儿教师专业发展动机的关系研究 45
(一)专家指导对教师专业发展动机的影响 45
(二)领导重视程度对教师专业发展动机的影响 46
(三)领导与同事帮助对教师专业发展动机的影响 46
(四)朋友的认可对教师专业发展动机的影响 47
(五)家庭的体谅与支持对教师专业发展动机的影响 47
辣、主要影响因素的综合分析 48
(一)影响理想追求型动机的主要因素 48
(二)影响兴趣愉悦型动机的主要因素 49
(三)影响价值实现型动机的主要因素 50
(四)影响责任依附型动机的主要因素 50
(五)影响利益驱动型展动机的主要因素 51
(辣)影响外力强迫型动机的主要因素 51
(七)影响无动机的主要因素 52
(八)影响总动机的主要因素 52
第五部分 讨论与建议 54
一、讨论 54
(一)幼儿教师专业发展动机状况的基本特征 54
(二)影响因素对幼儿教师专业发展动机作用的总体特点 55
二、教育建议 57
(一)提高全社会对于幼教职业的认可度 57
(二)实行民主公正化的幼儿园领导和管理 58
(三)确立以促进发展为目的的幼儿教师评价制度 58
(四)提高幼儿教师的自我规划能力 58
(五)增强幼儿教师专业发展的效能感 59
反思与展望 60
附 录 61
附录一 部分访谈资料摘录 61
附录二 幼儿教师专业发展句子完成测验 64
附录三 幼儿教师专业发展动机调查问卷 65
附录四 幼儿教师专业发展访谈提纲 68
参考文献 69
攻读硕士阶段主要科研成果 74
后 记 75,1759
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