植物多倍体诱发实验中最佳诱发因素组合的探索 摘 要：本实验以蚕豆为材料，选用秋水仙素的5个浓度(0.025%、0.050%、0.100%、0.150%、0.200% )和4个诱导时间(12h、24h、48h、60h)进行配组，通过调查不同组合处理下根尖诱导率、胚根膨大率、胚根细胞染色体数目、胚根细胞染色体数目、幼叶气孔数目、保卫细胞大小、胚根数目和幼苗高度的变化，研究秋水仙素诱发蚕豆胚根多倍体的最佳处理浓度与处理时间组合。结果表明，秋水仙素诱导蚕豆多倍体的最适处理时间为48h，最佳处理浓度为0.100%。在秋水仙素处理下，蚕豆根尖诱导率、胚根膨大率升高，根尖细胞染色体数目增多，气孔数量减少，保卫细胞变大，胚根数量减少，幼苗高度降低。蚕豆根尖诱导率、胚根膨大率、气孔数量在秋水仙素不同处理浓度、不同处理时间、不同“处理时间×处理浓度”组合之间差异显著；胚根数量、幼苗高度在秋水仙素不同处理时间、不同“处理时间×处理浓度”组合之间差异不显著，但不同处理浓度之间差异显著。
关键词：蚕豆；多倍体；胚根；秋水仙素
Research of the Combination with Optimal Induction Factor in the Experiment of Plant Polyploidy Induced by Colchicine
Abstract: Broad bean was selected in the experiment, the radicle was disposed by colchicine with different concentration(0.025%, 0.050%, 0.100%, 0.150%, 0.200%) and various culture time(12h, 24h, 48h, 60h), the best combination of treatment concentration and treatment time on broad bean root tip polyploid induced by colchicine could be researched through investigating the change of root tip inductivity, radicle expansion rate, radicle cell chromosome number, leaf stomata number, guard cell size, seedling height and radicle number. The results showed that the optimum treatment time of broad bean polyploid induced by colchicine was 48h, the optimal concentration was 0.100%. Under the treatment of colchicine, the broad bean root tip inductivity and radicle expansion rate were increased, the chromosome number of root tip cell was increased, stomata number was decreased, guard cell became larger, radicle number was decreased, seedlings height was decreased. Root tip inductivity, radicle expansion rate, stomata number of broad bean had significant difference in treatment concentration, processing time, "processing time×treatment concentration" of colchicine; The difference of radicle number, seedling height was non-significant in processing time, "processing time×treatment concentration" of colchicine, the difference was significant instead in treatment concentration.
Key words: Broad bean; Polyploid; Radicle; Colchicine
目 录
摘 要 1
引言 2
1. 材料与方法 2
1.1 材料 2
1.2 器材 2
1.3 方法 3
1.3.1 种子处理、胚根培养及秋水仙素处理 3
1.3.2 形态学上对蚕豆多倍体诱导结果的鉴定 3
1.3.3 细胞学上对蚕豆多倍体诱导结果的鉴定 3
1.4 数据分析 3
2. 结果与分析 3
2.1 秋水仙素不同处理浓度与处理时间对蚕豆根尖诱导率的影响 4
2.2 秋水仙素不同处理浓度与处理时间对蚕豆胚根膨大率的影响 4
2.3 秋水仙素不同处理浓度与处理时间对蚕豆胚根细胞染色体数目的影响 5
2.4 秋水仙素不同处理浓度与处理时间对蚕豆幼叶气孔数量的影响 5
2.5 秋水仙素不同处理浓度下保卫细胞大小变化 6
2.6 秋水仙素不同处理浓度与处理时间对蚕豆幼苗高度的影响 6
2.7 秋水仙素不同处理浓度与处理时间对蚕豆幼苗胚根数量的影响 7
2.8 秋水仙素诱导蚕豆多倍体的最佳“处理时间×处理浓度”组合的确定 8
3. 结论与讨论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 12，3084