IPv4与IPv6并存网络技术应用与研究论文 第6页
R1#show ipv6 route rip
IPv6 Routing Table - 10 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
R 2007:23::/64 [120/2]
via FE80::8C6D:22FF:FEFF:6F63, Serial0/0
R 2007:34::/64 [120/3]
via FE80::8C6D:22FF:FEFF:6F63, Serial0/0
R 2008:4444::/64 [120/4]
via FE80::8C6D:22FF:FEFF:6F63, Serial0/0
表明路由器R1学习到了三条rip路由条目,并可以看到它们处于的网段以及下一跳的IPv6地址
(3)show ipv6 protocols 查看路由器中启用的进程
R3#show ipv6 protocols
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "connected"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "static"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "rip cisco"
Interfaces:
Serial0/1
Serial0/0
Redistribution:
None
可以观察到路由器R3上启用了哪些路由协议。"connected"表示直连,"static"表示静态,"rip cisco"表示启用了rip协议进程标示是cisco,并应用在端口Serial0/1和Serial0/0上。
(4)show ipv6 rip 查看有哪些rip进程,以及进程的详细信息
R2#show ipv6 rip
RIP process "cisco", port 521, multicast-group FF02::9, pid 182
Administrative distance is 120. Maximum paths is 16
Updates every 30 seconds, expire after 180
Holddown lasts 0 seconds, garbage collect after 120
Split horizon is on; poison reverse is on
Default routes are not generated
Periodic updates 32, trigger updates 3
Interfaces:
Serial0/1
Serial0/0
Redistribution:
None
可以观察到R2路由器上只启用了rip的一个进程cisco、端口号是521、组播地址是FF02::9、更新时间30ms、最大保持时间是120ms、水平分割和毒性逆转为开启状态、协议应用在接口Serial0/1和Serial0/0上、没有进行充分部。
5.5 IPv6 OSPFv3配置实例
实验介绍:R1、R2、R3、R4是在IPv6区域内部的路由器,彼此通过串口相互链接,并且R1路由器通过serial 0/1链接了外网。2007:12::/64处于ospf区域1中,2007:23::/64处于区域0中,2007:34::/64处于区域2中。现要求四台路由器能相互通信,学习到路由条目并连接外网。
图5-3 OSPFv3 网络拓扑图 R1、R2、R3、R4处于IPv6的环境中
实验步骤:
(1)配置路由器R1
R1#conf t
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing //启用ipv6功能
R1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1 //启用ospfv3协议,进程号是1
R1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1 //R1的路由ID号是1.1.1.1
R1(config-rtr)# default-intformation originate metric 30 metric-type 2 //向ospfv3 区域中注入一条默认的路由,度量值为30,度量的类型是2.
R1(config)#interface serial 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2007:12::1/64
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 //在端口serial 0/0中启用了ospfv3功能,并且区域是1
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config)#ipv6 route ::/0 s0/1 //宣告默认路由
(2)配置路由器R2
R2#conf t
R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R2(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R2(config-rtr)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config)#interface serial0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2007:12::2/64
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
R2(config-if)#clock rate 128000
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config)#interface serial0/1
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2007:23::2/64
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R2(config-if)# clock rate 128000
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
(3)配置路由器R3
R3#conf t
R3(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R3(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R3(config-rtr)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config)#interface serial0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2007:34::3/64
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)#clock rate 128000
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config)#interface serial0/1
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2007:23::3/64
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
(4)配置路由器R4
R4#conf t
R4(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R4(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R4(config-rtr)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config)#interface gigabitEthernet0/0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 address 2008:4444::4/64
R4(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config)#interface serial0/0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 address 2007:34::4/64
R4(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
实验调试:
(1)show ipv6 route ospf 查看路由表中的ospf路由条目
R4#show ipv6 route ospf
IPv6 Routing Table - 8 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
OI 2007:12::/64 [110/192]
via FE80::5C10:8CFF:FEE0:FE89, Serial0/0
OI 2007:23::/64 [110/128]
via FE80::5C10:8CFF:FEE0:FE89, Serial0/0
观察到了路由器R4中学习到的两条路由条目。OI表示从其他区域学习到的ospf路由条目。
(2)show ipv6 protocols 查看路由器上启用的进程
R3#show ipv6 protocols
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "connected"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "static"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Interfaces (Area 0):
Serial0/1
Interfaces (Area 2):
Serial0/0
Redistribution:
None
可以观察到路由器R3上启用了哪些路由协议。"connected"表示直连,"static"表示静态,"ospf 1"
表示启用了ospf协议以及进程号为1。应用在Serial0/1上的区域是0,应用在Serial0/0上的区域是2。
(3)show ipv6 ospf neighbor 查看启用了ospf路由器的邻居
R1#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/ - 00:00:32 4 Serial0/0
表明R1路由器的邻居是路由器R2,连接状态为FULL,死亡时间还有32ms,邻居的接口是Serial0/0。
R2#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/ - 00:00:31 5 Serial0/1
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