十字路交通灯控制系统设计-交通灯控制电路
Abstract:
In recent years along with technical rapid development, monolithic integrated circuit application unceasingly thorough, simultaneously leads the traditional control examination technology to renew day by day.In the real-time examination and in the automatic control monolithic integrated circuit application system, the monolithic integrated circuit often took a core part uses, the monolithic integrated circuit aspect knowledge is only insufficient, but also should act according to the concrete hardware architecture software and hardware union, consummates.
The intersection vehicles shuttle, the pedestrian is bustling, car dealership traffic lane, human sidewalk, methodical.What then depends on to realize this orderly order? Depends on is the street-traffic control lights automatic command system.The street-traffic control lights control mode are very many.This system uses MSC-51 series monolithic integrated circuit ATSC51 and programmable parallel I/O connection chip 8255A is the central component designs the traffic light controller, realized has been able to act according to the actual traffic flow magnitude to establish, the green light red through 8051 chip P1 mouths burns the bright time the function; The traffic light circulation lightens, the countdown remains when for 5 seconds the yellow light twinkle police shows (traffic light signal through PA mouth output, demonstration time directly through 8255 PC mouth output to two-position nixietube); The vehicles run a red light report to the police; The green light time may examine the traffic flow magnitude and may through the two-position nixietube demonstration.This system usability strong, operation simple, expansion function. Key word:
The monolithic integrated circuit .traffic light. runs a red light. the examination traffic flow magnitude
论文摘要:
近年来随着科技的飞速发展，单片机的应用正在不断深入，同时带动传统控制检测技术日益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构软硬件结合，加以完善。
十字路口车辆穿梭，行人熙攘，车行车道，人行人道，有条不紊。那么靠什么来实现这井然秩序呢？靠的就是交通信号灯的自动指挥系统。交通信号灯控制方式很多。本系统采用MSC-51系列单片机ATSC51和可编程并行I/O接口芯片8255A为中心器件来设计交通灯控制器，实现了能根据实际车流量通过8051芯片的P1口设置红、绿灯燃亮时间的功能；红绿灯循环点亮，倒计时剩5秒时黄灯闪烁警示（交通灯信号通过PA口输出，显示时间直接通过8255的PC口输出至双位数码管）；车辆闯红灯报警；绿灯时间可检测车流量并可通过双位数码管显示。本系统实用性强、操作简单、扩展功能强。 关键词：
单片机 交通灯 闯红灯 检测车流量
目录
引言…………………………………………………………………1
1. 单片机概述………………………………………………………..2
1.1 设计任务和要求……………………………………………2
1.2 系统总设计…………………………………………2
1.3 交通灯过程分析……………………………2
2.详细设计……………………………………………………4
2.1硬件设计…………………………………………………4
2.2软件设计…………………………………………………6
3.仿真与调试………………………………………………………7
3.1调试……………………………………………………………7
3.2 仿真结果………………………………………………………8
4 硬件电路优化……………………………………………………9
5 芯片简介…………………………………………………10
5.1 MSC-51芯片简介………………………………………………10
5.2 8255芯片简介…………………………………………12
6 系统硬件设计……………………………………………13
6.1 交通管理的方案论证……………………………………13
6.1.1 系统总框图…………………………………………14
6.1.2 交通灯硬件线路图……………………………………14
6.1.3 系统工作原理………………………………………16
7.控制器的软件设计…………………………………………16
7.1 每秒钟的设定………………………………………………16
7.2 计数器硬件延时………………………………………16
7.2.1 计数器初值计算…………………………………16
7.2.2 计算公式…………………………………………16
7.2.3 １秒的方法……………………………………16
7.2.4相应程序代码………………………………………17
7.3 软件延时…………………………………………………17
7.4 时间及信号灯的显示……………………………………18
7.4.1 8051并行口的扩展……………………………………18
7.4.2显示原理………………………………………………18
7.4.3 8255PA口输出信号接信号灯…………………………………18
7.4.4 8255输出信号与数码管的连接……………………………18
7.4.5 8255与8051的连接……………………………………19
7.5 程序设计………………………………………………19
7.5.1流程图如图所示……………………………………………19
7.5.2 程序源代码………………………………………20
结束语…………………………………………………26
参考文献………………………………………………………27
致谢………………………………………………………………………28
附录1………………………………………………………………506
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