土木工程建筑工程实验楼设计(英文文献+计算书+图纸)
STRUCTURE OF THE BASICIDEOLOGICAL EARTHQUAKE
Earthquake disaster facing humanity is one of the serious natural disasters. Earthquake characteristics are outbursted, so far predictability in remains low. Strong earthquakes often cause tremendous personal and property losses. China is earthquake-prone countries, the need to consider our earthquake-proof cover a vast area, and therefore the structureof the earthquake research in the country with full performance of the need..
To better implement norms on earthquake norms must be clearly formulated basic idea, the basic principles of clear earthquake design. The emphasis is in the following areas to be addressed.
One role in the earthquake, the intensity and structure of blindly pursuing undesirable, the piping structure is very important
Earthquake is divided into small , tremendous, and intermediate. Often refers to the so-called small Zhen earthquake, the probability is about 50years in 63%, again for 50 years. China Zhen is a probability that 50 years is about 10%, again for 475 years. And the second refers to the rare event of an earthquake, the probability of a 50-year 2%～3%, again for 1641～2475 years. For students and the random nature of a great earthquake load, the intensity will be greater than the structure response, almost impossible, but it is not the economy. The ability to bear the expense of social and economic factors constraining, we can only from the perspective of probability, the probability that the structure of a certain safety function properly. This determines the basic principles of earthquake design in our more commonly known as the "small tremors are not bad, intermediate earthquake may repair, not just turkey."
Small earthquake is role, without injury or without structural repairs will be able to use. From the perspective of the analysis of structural earthquake, the structure is called "small earthquake " role of a quasi-state response flexibility, without access to the buildings had been used and non-structural components of the non-flexible response to the state; At the same time the structure of the lateral deformation within a reasonable limit should be controlled within the purpose of enabling the structure had enough power to resist lateral rigidity.
Intermediate earthquake roughly equivalent of to our security intensity earthquake, when encountered, earthquake role,buildings can be a certain degree of damage, the repair or restoration can continue to use without. From an economic perspective, the maintenance costs can not be too high.
Very small probability of occurrence of an earthquake Ying Han ( "second" high-intensity than once about security intensity around). When asked structures encountered in the "second" role, not a life-threatening collapse or serious damage.
Such a goal is very reasonable economic earthquake security. Because the earthquake occurred too casually, if we blindly pursue structural strength to ensure that the role of the earthquake tremors or even not bad structure, which would make a very large amount of material in most of the time, even in the whole life are not fully play its role in the state, this is unwise.
The guiding principle in the design of the structure in such a situation requires : When small Zhen season, should ensure that all components of the structure in earthquake resistance effort, sufficient strength to make it essentially a flexible state. And through who checked the small role of the flexible shift Zhen common structure to ensure not bad. At this stage will not happen obvious structural components nonlinear distortion, without the need for special construction measures. earthquake role in China, the structure of certain key strength than flexibility, entered into, and there is a greater deformation, to the non-linear stage, then, we will make extensive special requirements (remote that when the earthquake occurred force structure larger nonlinear distortion, structure still maintain its initial intensity capacity is a flexible structure over the stage deformation capacity It is a sign of strength structural earthquake capacity. It includes the ability to withstand extreme deformation and energy absorption characteristics by sluggish back capacity, it is a very important earthquake design of the character). These Zhen arrival time because of a non-structural characteristics of flexibility, some of the key areas over its rounds sexual intensity goes into plasticity state. Because it some remote, it can be assumed nonlinear plasticity deformation, it can spend in the deformation and absorb earthquake energy. Cost is likely to lead to a broad cracks, the concrete epidermis of carcasses, off may have some residual deformation, but does not lead to security failures to meet the security objectives, Zhen may repair. At this stage the structure, piping will make corresponding requirements, and extensive detail on the construction depends on the measures designed to guarantee. When the second season when the structure of the very large nonlinear distortion may occur irreparably damaged. At this stage the structure requires the adoption of its structure would not collapse to ensure 880
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