三菱PLC-FX2 32MT的plc四层电梯控制系统设计
Abstract
PLC is a specialized in industrial environments for applications designed to operate electronic digital computing device. It uses the memory can be programmed to store in its internal implementation logic operations, the order of operations, timing, counting and arithmetic operations, such as operating instructions, and can be digital or analog input and output, control of various types of machinery or the production process. PLC and its associated peripheral equipment should be in accordance with the industrial control system is easy to form a whole, easy to extend the principle of its design features. In this article I explained the concept of some of the specific PLC, in the elevator control design steps, as well as on the elevator with PLC hardware protection method. In the design of the elevator, I elaborate on the use of PLC control hardware and software design process, a list of specific hardware circuits, and analyzes the major role of input and output points. In the PLC of the elevator control system, elevator, through the use of control software functions are achieved, in order to control the operation of software and Elevator Action has a good relationship between the elevator control software program, I display the main floor is divided into procedures, call sign procedures, upper and lower lines, switches, door procedures, carry out their duties, the operation of the elevator control.
Elevator control can be divided into the following three periods:
1. By mechanical relays (Relay) to control, but the circuit complex and prone to failure.
2. To digital integrated circuits (Digital IC) to complete control of its timing.
3. In recent years the rapid development of the programmable logic controller (PLC) to control not only can solve the shortcomings of the relay control, but also improved the integrated circuit digital logic design cumbersome, but also reduce costs. In this paper, a combination of PLC and inverter performance, introduced the elevator control system, the composition and working principle, and focuses on the PLC in the elevator control system and to make use of Mitsubishi PLC-FX2 32MT to design 4-storey elevator control system.
Hardware design of the system design methods and procedures for the introduction, gives the 4-storey part of the lift logic control methods. Mainly related to the 4th floor of the elevator control system PLC program design, composition and modular programming.
Keywords: PLC; elevators; logic control; Programming
PLC是一种专门为在工业环境下应用而设计的数字运算操作的电子装置。它采用可以编制程序的存储器，用来在其内部存储执行逻辑运算、顺序运算、计时、计数和算术运算等操作的指令，并能通过数字式或模拟式的输入和输出，控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。PLC及其有关的外围设备都应该按易于与工业控制系统形成一个整体，易于扩展其功能的原则而设计。在本文中我就阐述了PLC的一些具体概念，在电梯控制方面的设计步骤，以及用PLC对电梯硬件进行保护的方法。在设计中我具体讲述了电梯在使用PLC控制时的硬件和软件的设计过程，列出了具体的主要硬件电路，并分析了主要输入输出点的作用。在PLC的电梯控制系统中，电梯的使用功能都是通过控制软件来实现的，为了使控制软件和电梯的运行动作有较好的对应关系，电梯的软件控制程序，我主要分为楼层的显示程序、呼叫信号程序、上下行程序、开关门程序，各司其职，对电梯的运行进行控制。
电梯的控制方式可分为下列三个时期：
1. 由机械式的继电器(Relay)来控制，但其电路复杂，容易产生故障。
2. 以数位积体电路(Digital IC)来完成其时序控制。
3. 近几年发展迅速的可编程控制器(PLC)来控制，不但可以解决继电器控制的缺点,也改善了数位积体电路繁琐的逻辑设计，而且可降低成本。本文主要是结合PLC 和变频器的性能, 介绍了电梯控制系统的构成和工作原理, 并重点阐述了PLC 在电梯控制系统中的应用，并利用三菱PLC-FX2 32MT 来设计4层电梯控制系统。
通过对系统硬件设计方法和程序设计思路的介绍，给出了4层电梯逻辑控制部分的方法。主要涉及4层电梯的PLC控制系统的总体设计方案、组成及模块化程序设计。
关键词：PLC；电梯；逻辑控制；程序设计
目 录
引言………………………………………………………………………………………………1
1 课程设计任务书…………………………………………………………………………3
1.1 控制要求……………………………………………………………………………………3
1.2 其他设计要求……………………………………………………………………………3
2 PLC介绍…………………………………………………………………………………4
2.1 PLC 的定义………………………………………………………………………………4
2.2 PLC的特点…………………………………………………………………………………4
2.3 PLC的系统构成……………………………………………………………………………5
2.4 PLC的等效电路和工作原理………………………………………………………………6
2.5 PLC的分类…………………………………………………………………………………7
2.6 PLC的发展趁势……………………………………………………………………………8
3 PLC 的I/O 系统………………………………………………………………………8
3.1 I/O 寻址方式………………………………………………………………………8
4 PLC控制结构与流程图………………………………………………………………9
5 硬件主电路部分设计………………………………………………………11
5.1 继电器组及三级管成H桥的点击正反转控制系统…………………………………11
5.2楼层显示部分…………………………………………………………………………12
6 PLC 造型与I/O定义……………………………………………………………………14
7 设计的意义及其应用…………………………………………………………………15
8 结论……………………………………………………………………………………16
谢辞………………………………………………………………………………………17
参考文献………………………………………………………………………………………18
附录……………………………………………………………………………………………1135
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