桥梁施工中的质量控制与钢绞线张拉问题
Quality control of the bridge construction and the problem of the steel cutter tension
摘要
随着我国交通基础建设的迅猛发展，各地修建了大量的桥梁，桥梁施工中的质量控制，对于一座桥的安全运营，起着至关重要的作用。而桥梁中一些常见的、避免不了的质量问题，如裂缝、孔洞等，经常困扰着工程技术人员。为了加强对桥梁施工过程中质量控制的认识，尽量避免工程中出现危害较大的病害，本文尽可能对桥梁质量控制中的常见问题作较全面的分析、总结，以方便设计、施工,找出控制质量的可行办法，达到防范于未然的作用。在后半部分，主要介绍一下先张法钢铰线的张拉问题。钢铰线的张拉计算，是施工工艺中很重要的一个环节，一旦张拉应力计算出现问题，将直接影响预制的正常进行。张拉应力过大则容易出现超张拉，造成构件的破坏；张拉应力过小，达不到要求的预拱度，同样会影响构件的使用。所以，钢铰线的张拉计算，是我们应该高度重视的一个问题。
关键词：
桥梁施工；裂缝；孔洞；预应力混凝土；先张法；钢铰线
ABSTRACT
Along with the transportation infrastructure of our country developing swiftly, a lot of bridges were built around the country, quality control of the bridge, for a safe of the bridge, play a critical role in the bridge’s operation. And some common, unable to avoid quality problems of bridges, such as cracks, the hole in the bridge, often puzzled the engineering technicians. In order to strengthen the understanding of quality control in the process of bridge construction and avoid the greater damage of the bridge as far as possible, this paper analyzed and summarized the common problems to the quality control of the bridge construction, facilitating the design, construction, finding ways to achieve prevent this role. In the latter half, this paper introduces the issue about pre-tensioned wire tension mainly. The calculation of Steel 毕业论文http://www.751com.cn/ 论文网http://www.751com.cn/
affect the prefabrication to carry on normally directly. If the tensile stress is higher, it will create ultra-pulling and the component will be destroyed; if the tensile stress is smaller, it could not achieve the request of the pre-crown and can affect the component using normally .Therefore, the calculation of steel articulation line is a question which we should attach highly importance to.
Key word
Bridge construction; Cracks; Hole; Prestressed concrete；Pretensioning law; Steel articulation line
目录
引言 1
1 工程概况 2
2 桥梁施工现场常见的质量问题 3
2.1 裂缝 3
2.2 蜂窝 5
2.3 麻面 6
2.4 孔洞 7
2.5 露筋 8
3 先张法钢铰线张拉 9
3.1 钢铰线张拉计算原理 9
3.2 先张法施工工艺 10
3.4 张拉机械 12
3.5 钢铰线张拉控制应力，张拉力及张拉程序 12
3.6 预应力钢铰线伸长值计算 14
3.7 钢铰线张拉控制值 15
3.8 预应力钢铰线的放张 15
3.9 施工中的注意事项 15
4 结束语 16
致谢 17
参考文献1284