年产两万吨四氢呋喃项目设计+物料衡算+自动控制 摘要 设计说明 THF 对许多有机物和无机物有优良的溶解性，它能溶解除聚乙烯、聚丙烯及氟树脂以外的所有化合物，特别对PVC、偏氯乙烯树脂和丁苯胺有良好的溶解作用，广泛地用作反应性溶剂，有“万能溶剂”之称。在合成溶液丁苯橡胶时，作为引发助剂的无规剂，协同丁基锂引发反应。在有机合成方面，用于生产四氢噻吩、1.4-二氯乙烷、2.3-二氯四氢呋喃、戊内酯、丁内酯和吡咯烷酮等。在医药工业方面，THF用于合成咳必清、利复霉素、黄体酮和一些激素药。THF经硫化氢处理生成四氢硫酚，可作燃料气中的臭味剂（识别添加剂）。四氢呋喃还可用做合成革的表面处理剂
THF 对许多有机物和无机物有优良的溶解性，它能溶解除聚乙烯、聚丙烯及氟树脂以外的所有化合物，特别对PVC、偏氯乙烯树脂和丁苯胺有良好的溶解作用，广泛地用作反应性溶剂，有“万能溶剂”之称。
然而，国外THF生产主要采用先进的BDO工艺。本文来自辣$文(论"文`网，毕业论文 www.751com.cn 加7位QQ324~9114找原文而国内还有THF装置采用糠醛法进行生产，污染严重且装置规模一般较小，生产成本高，产品质量与国际一流水平有一定差距。因此，国产BDO尚难以应用在产品质量要求较高的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、涂料添加剂等领域，国产THF也因同样原因在医用中间体、医药溶剂、医药添加剂等领域难以大展身手。为此，国内市场四氢呋喃日趋紧缺，不得不大量从国外进口。
本设计采用了先进的生产合成路线和工艺路线，为改变我国四氢呋喃上述现状开辟了一条新的途径，对我国四氢呋喃的及下游产品的应用具有重大意义。
关键词： 四氢呋喃；优良溶剂；糠醛法
Design notes THF has excellent solubility in many organic and inorganic compounds, it can dissolve all compounds except for polyethylene, polypropylene and fluorine resin, especially dissolved effect on PVC, vinylidene chloride resin and butyl aniline, widely used as a reaction solvent, "universal solvent called". In the synthesis solution styrene-butadiene rubber, as initiating agent random agent, collaborative butyl lithium initiation reaction. In organic synthesis, for the production of four hydrogen thiophene, 1.4- two, 2.3- two chloroethane chloride tetrahydrofuran, valerolactone, butyrolactone and pyrrolidone etc.. In the pharmaceutical industry, THF is used for the synthesis of carbetapentane citrate, and rifamycin, progesterone and some hormone drugs. THF generates four hydrogen thiophenol by hydrogen sulfide treatment, can be used as fuel gas odor agent (identification of additives). Tetrahydrofuran can also be used as surface treatment agent for synthetic leather
THF has excellent solubility in many organic and inorganic compounds, it can dissolve all compounds except for polyethylene, polypropylene and fluorine resin, especially dissolved effect on PVC, vinylidene chloride resin and butyl aniline, widely used as a reaction solvent, "universal solvent called".
However, the foreign THF production mainly adopts advanced BDO technology. While the domestic and THF device using furfural production, pollution is serious and the device size is generally small, the production cost is high, the quality of the products have a certain gap with the international advanced level. Therefore, the domestic BDO is still difficult to application of polybutylene terephthalate high requirements on product quality (PBT), the field of coating additives, domestic THF for the same reasons, in the field of medical intermediates, pharmaceutical solvent, pharmaceutical additives and so difficult to show its mettle. Therefore, the domestic market of tetrahydrofuran is scarce, but a large number of imports from abroad.
The production of synthetic route and process route is advanced with the use of the design, has opened up a new way to change the present situation of our country and tetrahydrofuran, is of great significance to our application of tetrahydrofuran and downstream product.
Keywords: tetrahydrofuran; excellent solvent; furfural method
目 录
1总论 1
1.1概述 1
1.2设计原则 4
1.3设计的基础资料 4
1.4四氢呋喃市场前景 5
2工艺论证 7
2.1 四氢呋喃的生产工艺7
2.2生产工艺确定 8
2.3催化剂的选择 9
3工艺流程 11
3.1 丁二烯合成四氢呋喃工段11
3.2丁二烯氧化工段 13
3.3 VO制取2,5-二氢呋喃工段14
4工艺计算 15
4.1物料衡算 15
4.2能量衡算 17
5主要设备的工艺计算及选型 21
5.1精馏塔的设计 21
5.2加氢反应器设计 28
5.3泵的选型 30
5.4换热器的选型 33
6自动控制及仪表37
6.1全厂自动控制水平 37
6.2生产安全保护37
6.3仪表选型原则37
6.4动力供应37
6.5主要仪表38
6.6主要设备控制方案39
致谢49
参考文献50，3552
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