We must be aware that China is in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come. The well-off life we are leading is still at a low level; it is not all-inclusive and is very uneven. The principal contradiction in our society is still one between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the backwardness of social production. Our productive forces, science, technology and education are still relatively backward, so there is still a long way to go before we achieve industrialization and modernization. The dual structure in urban and rural economy has not yet been changed, the gap between regions is still widening and there are still quite a large number of impoverished people. China's population continues to grow, the proportion of the aged is getting larger, and the pressure on employment and social security is mounting. The contradiction between the ecological environment and natural resources on the one hand and economic and social development on the other is becoming increasingly conspicuous. We still feel pressure from developed countries as they have the upper hand in such fields as the economy, science and technology. The economic structure and managerial systems in other fields remain to be perfected. There are still some problems we cannot afford to overlook in improving democracy and the legal system as well as the ideological and ethical standards. We need to work hard over a long period of time to consolidate and uplift our current well-off standard of living.
综观全局，二十一世纪头二十年，对我国来说，是一个必须紧紧抓住并且可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期。根据十五大提出的到二０一０年、建党一百年和新中国成立一百年的发展目标，我们要在本世纪头二十年，集中力量，全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步、文化更加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实。这是实现现代化建设第三步战略目标必经的承上启下的发展阶段，也是完善社会主义市场经济体制和扩大对外开放的关键阶段。经过这个阶段的建设，再继续奋斗几十年，到本世纪中叶基本实现现代化，把我国建成富强民主文明的社会主义国家。
An overview of the situation shows that for our country, the first two decades of the 21st century are a period of important strategic opportunities, which we must seize tightly and which offers bright prospects. In accordance with the development objectives up to 2010, the centenary of the Party and that of New China, as proposed at the Fifteenth National Congress, we need to concentrate on building a well-off society of a higher standard in an all-round way to the benefit of well over one billion people in this period. We will further develop the economy, improve democracy, advance science and education, enrich culture, foster social harmony and upgrade the texture of life for the people. The two decades of development will serve as an inevitable connecting link for attainting the third-step strategic objectives for our modernization drive as well as a key stage for improving the socialist market economy and opening wider to the outside world. Building on what is achieved at this stage and continuing to work for several more decades, we will have in the main accomplished the modernization program and turned China into a strong, prosperous, democratic and culturally advanced socialist country by the middle of this century.
全面建设小康社会的目标是：
The objectives of building a well-off society in an all-round way are as follows:
——在优化结构和提高效益的基础上，国内生产总值到二０二０年力争比二０００年翻两番，综合国力和国际竞争力明显增强。基本实现工业化，建成完善的社会主义市场经济体制和更具活力、更加开放的经济体系。城镇人口的比重较大幅度提高，工农差别、城乡差别和地区差别扩大的趋势逐步扭转。社会保障体系比较健全，社会就业比较充分，家庭财产普遍增加，人民过上更加富足的生活。
-- On the basis of optimized structure and better economic returns, efforts will be made to quadruple the GDP of the year 2000 by 2020, and China's overall national strength and international competitiveness will increase markedly. We will in the main achieve industrialization and establish a full-fledged socialist market economy and a more open and viable economic system. The proportion of urban population will go up considerably and the trend of widening differences between industry and agriculture, between urban and rural areas and between regions will be reversed step by step. We will have a fairly sound social security system. There will be a higher rate of employment. People will have more family property and lead a more prosperous life.
——社会主义民主更加完善，社会主义法制更加完备，依法治国基本方略得到全面落实，人民的政治、经济和文化权益得到切实尊重和保障。基层民主更加健全，社会秩序良好，人民安居乐业。
-- Socialist democracy and the legal system will be further improved. The basic principle of ruling the country by law will be implemented completely. The political, economic and cultural rights and interests of the people will be respected and guaranteed in real earnest. Democracy at the grassroots level will be better practiced. People will enjoy a sound public order and live and work in peace and contentment.
——全民族的思想道德素质、科学文化素质和健康素质明显提高，形成比较完善的现代国民教育体系、科技和文化创新体系、全民健身和医疗卫生体系。人民享有接受良好教育的机会，基本普及高中阶段教育，消除文盲。形成全民学习、终身学习的学习型社会，促进人的全面发展。
-- The ideological and ethical standards, the scientific and cultural qualities, and the health of the whole people will be enhanced notably. A sound modern national educational system, scientific, technological and cultural innovation systems as well as nationwide fitness and medical and health systems will take shape. People will have access to better education. We will make senior secondary education basically universal in the country and eliminate illiteracy. A learning society in which all the people will learn or even pursue life-long education will emerge to boost their all-round development.
——可持续发展能力不断增强，生态环境得到改善，资源利用效率显著提高，促进人与自然的和谐，推动整个社会走上生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。
-- The capability of sustainable development will be steadily enhanced. The ecological environment will be improved. The efficiency of using resources will be increased significantly. We will enhance harmony between man and nature to push the whole society onto a path to civilized development featuring the growth of production, an affluent life and a sound ecosystem.
这次大会确立的全面建设小康社会的目标，是中国特色社会主义经济、政治、文化全面发展的目标，是与加快推进现代化相统一的目标，符合我国国情和现代化建设的实际，符合人民的愿望，意义十分重大。为完成党在新世纪新阶段的这个奋斗目标，发展要有新思路，改革要有新突破，开放要有新局面，各项工作要有新举措。各地各部门都要从实际出发，采取切实有效的措施，努力实现这个目标。有条件的地方可以发展得更快一些，在全面建设小康社会的基础上，率先基本实现现代化。可以肯定，实现了全面建设小康社会的目标，我们的祖国必将更加繁荣富强，人民的生活必将更加幸福美好，中国特色社会主义必将进一步显示出巨大的优越性。
The objectives set at this congress for building a well-off society in an all-round way are objectives of comprehensive economic, political and cultural development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, objectives well geared to the efforts to speed up modernization. They tally with the national conditions, the realities of the modernization drive and the people's aspirations. They are of great significance. In order to attain the Party's objectives for the new stage in the new century, it is imperative to come up with new ideas for development, make new breakthroughs in reform, break new ground in opening up and take new moves in all fields of endeavor. All localities and departments must proceed from their actual conditions and take effective measures to attain the objectives. Places where conditions permit may develop faster and take the lead in accomplishing modernization by and large on the basis of building a well-off society in an all-round way. We are sure that after attaining the objectives of building a well-off society in an all-round way, our motherland will become stronger and more prosperous, the people will live a better and happier life, and socialism with Chinese characteristics will further demonstrate its great superiority.
四、 经济建设和经济体制改革
IV. Economic Development and Restructuring
全面建设小康社会，最根本的是坚持以经济建设为中心，不断解放和发展社会生产力。根据世界经济科技发展新趋势和我国经济发展新阶段的要求，本世纪头二十年经济建设和改革的主要任务是，完善社会主义市场经济体制，推动经济结构战略性调整，基本实现工业化，大力推进信息化，加快建设现代化，保持国民经济持续快速健康发展，不断提高人民生活水平。前十年要全面完成“十五”计划和二０一０年的奋斗目标，使经济总量、综合国力和人民生活水平再上一个大台阶，为后十年的更大发展打好基础。
In building a well-off society in an all-round way, it is of vital importance to take economic development as the central task and keep releasing and developing the productive forces. In light of the new trends in the economy, science and technology of the world and the requirements of our national economic development in the new period, we should undertake the following main tasks for economic development and reform in the first two decades of this century: to improve the socialist market economy, promote strategic adjustment of the economic structure, basically accomplish industrialization, energetically apply IT, accelerate modernization, maintain a sustained, rapid and sound development of the national economy and steadily uplift the people's living standards. In the first decade, we will accomplish all the objectives set in the Tenth Five-Year Plan and for the years up to 2010 so as to bring the economic aggregate, overall national strength and the people's living standards up to a much higher level and lay a solid foundation for even greater development in the second decade.
（一） 走新型工业化道路，大力实施科教兴国战略和可持续发展战略。实现工业化仍然是我国现代化进程中艰巨的历史性任务。信息化是我国加快实现工业化和现代化的必然选择。坚持以信息化带动工业化，以工业化促进信息化，走出一条科技含量高、经济效益好、资源消耗低、环境污染少、人力资源优势得到充分发挥的新型工业化路子。
1. Take a new road to industrialization and implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and that of sustainable development. It remains an arduous historical task in the process of our modernization drive to accomplish industrialization. IT application is a logical choice if industrialization and modernization of our country are to be accelerated. It is, therefore, necessary to persist in using IT to propel industrialization, which will, in turn, stimulate IT application, blazing a new trail to industrialization featuring high scientific and technological content, good economic returns, low resources consumption, little environmental pollution and a full display of advantages in human resources.
推进产业结构优化升级，形成以高新技术产业为先导、基础产业和制造业为支撑、服务业全面发展的产业格局。优先发展信息产业，在经济和社会领域广泛应用信息技术。积极发展对经济增长有突破性重大带动作用的高新技术产业。用高新技术和先进适用技术改造传统产业，大力振兴装备制造业。继续加强基础设施建设。加快发展现代服务业，提高第三产业在国民经济中的比重。正确处理发展高新技术产业和传统产业、资金技术密集型产业和劳动密集型产业、虚拟经济和实体经济的关系。
We must press ahead to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure so as to bring about an industrial pattern with high and new technology industries as the leader, basic and manufacturing industries as the kingpin and the service industry developing in all areas. We must give priority to the development of the information industry and apply IT in all areas of economic and social development. We must develop high and new technology industries to provide breakthroughs in stimulating economic growth. It is necessary to transform traditional industries with high and new technology and advanced adaptive technology and invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry. We should continue to strengthen infrastructure. We should accelerate the development of the modern service sector and raise the proportion of the tertiary industry in the national economy. We must correctly handle the relationships of development between the high and new technology industries and traditional industries, between capital-and-technology-intensive industries and labor-intensive industries and between virtual economy and real economy.
走新型工业化道路，必须发挥科学技术作为第一生产力的重要作用，注重依靠科技进步和提高劳动者素质，改善经济增长质量和效益。加强基础研究和高技术研究，推进关键技术创新和系统集成，实现技术跨越式发展。鼓励科技创新，在关键领域和若干科技发展前沿掌握核心技术和拥有一批自主知识产权。深化科技和教育体制改革，加强科技教育同经济的结合，完善科技服务体系，加速科技成果向现实生产力转化。推进国家创新体系建设。发挥风险投资的作用，形成促进科技创新和创业的资本运作和人才汇集机制。完善知识产权保护制度。必须把可持续发展放在十分突出的地位，坚持计划生育、保护环境和保护资源的基本国策。稳定低生育水平。合理开发和节约使用各种自然资源。抓紧解决部分地区水资源短缺问题，兴建南水北调工程。实施海洋开发，搞好国土资源综合整治。树立全民环保意识，搞好生态保护和建设。
In taking a new road to industrialization, we must give play to the important role of science and technology as the primary productive force and pay close attention to improving the quality and
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