硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题 第2页

the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not. One way
of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar ef-
fects overcome the inenia (惯性) of the earth's climate. If this is right, the warming effect of
carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counter-balance to the sun's diminishing heat .
36. It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would
A. prevent the sun's rays from leeching the earth's surface
B. mean a warming up in the Arctic
C. account for great changes in the climate in the noHhem hemisphere
D. raise the temperature of the earth' s surface
37. The article was written to explain
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the solar effects on the earth
C. the models of solar-weather interactions
D. the causes affecting weather
38. Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northem hemisphere, temperatures there
seem to be faILing. This is
A. mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising
B. possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
C. exclusively due to the effect of the inenia of the earth' s climate
D. partly due to variations in the output of solar energy
39. On the basis of their models, scientists are of the opinion that
A. the climate of the world should be becoming cooler
B. it will take thousands of years for the inertia of the earth's climate to take effect
C. the man-made warming effect helps to increase the solar effects
D. the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect
40. If the assumption about the delay of a new Ice Age is correct,
A. the best way to overcome the cooling effect would be to bum more fuels
B. ice would soon cover the northern hemisphere
C. the increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could warm up the earth even
more quickly
D. the greenhouse effect oould work to the advantage of the earth
                                                                  3
      Some people believe that intemational sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if
countries play games together they will leam to live together. Others say that the opposite is true :
that intemational contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding 8nd hatred.
There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic games have done
little to support the view that sports encourages intenational brotherhood. Not only, was there the
tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser inci-
dents caused principally bv minor national contests.
      One country received its second-place medals with visible indignation after the horkey ( 曲棍球
) final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the
final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and
that their opponents' victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said : "This wasn'
t hockey. Hockey and the Intenational Hockey Federatior are finished. " The president of the
Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three
years .
      The Anlerican basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, af-
ter a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first
that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three
seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other,
and another player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an
Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before an-
nouncing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver
medals .
      Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the
love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national
teams , might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far
too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.
41. According to the author, recent Olympic Games have__
A. created goodwill between the nations
B. bred only false national pride
C. barely showed any intemational friendship
D. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred
42. What did the manager mean by saying, " . . . Hockey and the International Hockey Federa-
tion are finished" ?
A. His team would no longer take part in international games.
B. Hockey and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair decisions.
C. There should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation.
D. The Federation should be dissolved.
43. The basketball example implied that
A. too much patriotism was displayed in the incident
B. the announcement to prolong the match was wrong
C. the appeal jury was too hesitant in making the decision
D. the American team was right in rejecting the silver medals
44 . The author gives the two examples in paragraphs 2 and 3 to show
A. how false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international games
B. that sportsmen have been more obedient than they used to be
C. that competitiveness in the games discourages intenrational friendship
D. that unfair decisions are common in Olympic Games
45. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
A. The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.
B. Athletes should oompete as individuak in the Olympic Games.
C. Sport should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game.
D. International contests are liable for misunderstanding between nations.

Ⅲ. For each numbered blank in the following passage there four choices labelled A, B, C,
and D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET by blackening(15 points)

      The key to the industrialization of space is the U. S. space shuttle.(46) it, astronauts
will acquire a workhouse vehicle (47) of flying into space and returning many tiems. (48)
_ by reusable rockets that can lift a load of 65 ,OOO pounds, the shuttle will carry devices for si-
entific inquiry , as (49) as a variety of military hardware. (50) more significantly, it
will (51) materials and machines into space for industrial purposes (52) two decades ago
when "sputnik" ( artificial satellite) was (53) to vocabulary. In short, the (54) im-
portance of the shuttle lies in its (55) as an economic tool.
What makes the space shuttle (56) is that it takes off like a rocket but lands like an air-
plane. (57), when it has accomplished its (58), it can be ready for (59) trip in
about two weeks.
      The space shuttle, the world' s first true spaceship, is a magnificent step (60) making
the impossible possible for the benefit and survival of man.
46. A. In B. On C. By D. With
47. A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit
48. A. Served B. Powered C. Forced D Reinforced
49. A. far B. well C. much D. long .
50. A. Then B. Or C. But D. So
51 . A. supply B. introduce C. deliver D. transfer
52. A. unimagined B. unsettled C. uncovered D. unsolved
53. A. attributed B. contributed C. applied D. added
54. A. general B. essential C. prevailing D. ultimate
55. A. promise B. prosperity C. popularity D. priority
56. A. exceptional B. strange C. unique D. rare
57. A. Thus B. Whereas C. Nevertheless D. Yet
58. A. venture B. mission C. commission D. responsibility
59. A. new B. another C. certain D. subsequent
60. A. for B. by C. in D. through

Ⅳ. Each of the fnllowing sentences has four underlined parts. These parts are labelied A, B, C
and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the AN.
SWER SHEET. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down your cor-
rection on the line in the ANSWER SHEET. ( 1O points)

61. Young readers, more often than not, find the novels of Dlckens far more exciting than
                                    A                     B            C
Thackeray .
      D
62. People cannot but feel puzzling , for they simply cannot understand how he could have made
                   A            B                      C                                    D
such a stupid mistake.
63. Nowhere but in Europe we have seen the results so clearly, which really have surprised
                                 A                       B                            C
us all.
    D
64 . The amount of pressure which the materials are subject to affect the quality of the products.
                      A        B                         C            D
65. I regret having left the work unfinished; I should plan everything ahead carefully.
                 A                       B               C                   D
66. The problem of unemployment the govemments want solved is as serious as never in these
                                 A                     B                        C
underdeveloped countries .
        D
67 . Many species can communicate an amazing amount of information via sound, information
                                        A                            B
which both the life of an individual and the continued existence of the species may depend.
   C                                             D
68. It was not so much the many blows he received for the lack of fighting spirit that led to
                   A                                B                   C
his losing the game.
      D
69 . Those part-time students expected to offer some jobs on campus during the coming summer
                                           A                B            C          D
vacation .
70 . With production having gone up steadily , the factory needs an ever-increasing supply of raw
      A                     B                                               C                  D
materials .

V . Read the following passgge carefully and then tranlate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (15 points)

      Intelligence' at best is an assumptive construct-the meaning of the word has never been
clear. (71 ) There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior refeued to by the term than there is
on how to interpret or classify them. But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is
one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and
mathematical symbols in solving problems. Art intelligence test is a rough measure of a child's ca-
pacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not
measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. It is
not supposed to-it was not designed for such purposes. (72) To criticise it for such failure is
roughly comparable to criticising a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity .
      The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of any subject is
essentially a comparative affair.
      (73) Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that
the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a 'valid' or 'fair' comparison. It is
here that some of the difficulties which interest us begin. Any test performed involves at least
three factors: the intention to do one's best, the knowledge required for understanding what you
have to do, and the intellectual ability to do it. (74) The first two must be equal for all who are
being compared , if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. In school populations in
our culture these assumptions can be made fair and reasonable , and the value of intelligence test-
ing has been proved thoroughly. Its value lies, of course, in its providing a satisfactory basis for
prediction. No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we
are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child win do better
or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require 'general intelligence' .
      (75) On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if
the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom
he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they
possessed .

Ⅵ . Writing (15 points)
DIRECTIONS :
A) Title: FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN PARENT AND CHILD
B) Time limit: 40 minutes
C) Word limit: 120 - 150 words (not includtng the given opening sentence)
D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the giv-
en opening sentence.
E) Your composition must be written clearly in the ANISWER SHEET.
OUTLINE :
1 . Present situation: Lack of communication between parent and child
2 . Possible reasons:
1 ) Different likes and dislikes
2 ) Misunderstanding
3) Others
3 . Suggestions :
l) For parents
2) For children

1992年全国硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题 第2页答案
答案:
Ⅰ. l. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5.C
6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C
11. B 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
t6. C 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. C
21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. A
26. B 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D
Ⅱ. 31. C 32. O 33. A 34. B 35. B
36. D 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. D
41. C 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. A
Ⅲ. 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. B 50. C
51. C 52. A 53. D 54. D 55. A
56. C 57. A 58. B 59. B 60. C
Ⅳ. 61. (D) Thackery's 66. (C) ever
62. tn) puzzled 67. (C) on which
63. (A) have we seen 68. (B) as
64. (D) affects 69. (A) to be offered
65. (C) should have planned 70. (B) going
Ⅴ.
答案:
Ⅰ. l. D 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. B
6. D 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. B
11. C 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
16. A ' 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. D
21. D 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. A
26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B
Ⅱ. 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D
36. C 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. B
41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. A
Ⅲ. 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D
51. C 52. A 53. C. 54. B 55. D
56. A 57. B 58. D 59. C. 60. B
Ⅳ. 61 . (C) made 66. (A) having blamed
62. (A) educationally 67. (B) have we seen
63. (A) have taken 68. (C) into the writing
64. (B) (should) be assigned 69. (D) to pay them
65. (B) written 70. (C) wlth the result
Ⅴ.
71．人们对智力这个词所指的不同表现意见比较一致，而对这些表现如何解释或分类则
有不同的看法。
72．批评智力测试不反映上述情况，犹如批评温度计不能测风速一样。
73．既然对智力的评估是比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，
我们所用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。
74．如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话，那么对所有被比较者来说，前两个因素必须是
一样的。
75．总的来说，得出这种结论是有一定程度把握的，但是必须具备两个条件：能够假定这
个孩子对测试的态度和与他比较的另一个孩子的态度相同；他也没有因为缺乏别的
孩子所具有的有关知识而被扣分。

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