英语演讲中的修辞手法
Foreword A speech is not only a simple formal talk but a kind of encouraging language with artic charm by using all kinds of lingual skills. Speech is a unique style. It expresses thoughts, feelings, and ideas orally to audience through a series of well-organized, well-prepared words or sentences with the aim of evoking some feelings of the listeners. Therefore, to make a successful speech, one ought to use formal, vivid languages as well as many figures of speech. The success of a speech is often attributed to the skill of the orator, with merit being given to orators who are confident, articulate, knowledgeable and able to deliver a speech with conviction.
Persuading an audience to take action involves more than a speaker sharing what he knows about a topic. Speeches are intended to get listeners to accept a particular point of view, and then motivate them into action. The challenge in writing this kind of speech is in delivering a message that will win others over in sharing the same principles as the speaker. You must use words in such a way as to convince listeners that the speaker's opinion is reliable. The art of giving a persuasive speech is as much about using language effectively as it is about communicating a convincing argument.
Obviously, one of the major factors to be a good or a bad speech is whether the use of rhetoric is appropriate or not. It can be found that the use of rhetoric plays a very important role in content. The definition of rhetoric is applying many language materials and various expressive devices to manifest the orator’s purpose appropriately. Without the use of rhetoric, absolutely, there is no good content. Therefore, it is necessary to make an analysis and study on this subject.
The whole thesis is concerned about the use of rhetoric in English speech, and the thesis is divided into three parts. The first part talks about the definition and function of speech. The second part illustrates the definition and function of rhetoric. The third part makes a carefully study on the use of main rhetorical devices in English speech, such as, simile, metaphor, parallelism, alliteration and repetition, antithesis , rhetorical question and so on.
1．Speech
1.1 The Definition of Speech
One of the definitions of speech which is a formal talk that a person gives to the audiences, to express his/her views or emotions on a specific issue, or to conduct propaganda activities so as to achieve inspiring the audience and promote its action as a information-sharing activities.毕业论文http://www.751com.cn
The benefit of a speech is obvious —mass communication. Orators want to engage audience's attention, convey their ideas in a logical manner and use reliable evidence to support their point.
Speech can be made in a small event as a marriage or a little party as president of a country make it to be closer his people. The opportunity arises in everybody's life to give a speech. In its simplest form, a speech is a retelling of events. It can be overwhelming to an introverted individual to think about giving a speech, so knowing the four types of speeches and their purposes can help alleviate some of the pressure. An inspirational speech inspires, an informative speech informs, a persuasive speech persuades and special occasion speeches vary, but only due to the special occasion.
1.2 The Function of Speech
"Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal." This is part of a two-minute speech given by Abraham Lincoln at Gettysburg. He knew that speeches were more than just a bunch of words. Some believe that the power of life and death are in the tongue. This speech was powerful.
The purpose of making a speech can range from simply transmitting information, to motivating people to act, to simply telling a story. Good orators should be able to change the emotions of their listeners, not just inform them. Making a speech can also be considered a discourse community. Interpersonal communication and speeches have several components that embrace such things as motivational speaking, leadership/personal development, business, customer service, large group communication, and mass communication. Speeches can be a powerful tool to use for purposes such as motivation, influence, persuasion, informing, or translation.
All kinds of speech have one common aim: to convince people to take a form of action. Therefore, they are called speeches of action, and the best way to accomplish that is through motivation.
Another purpose to be accomplished through speech is to reinforce listeners’ existing attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, opinions, or values. You would simply reiterate a few powerful arguments to reassure our listeners and strengthen their position. Contents
ABSTRACT I
摘 要 II
Foreword 1
1．Speech..2
1.1 The Definition of Speech….2
1.2 The Function of Speech……2
2．Rhetoric.3
2.1 The Definition of Rhetoric 3
2.2 The Function of Rhetoric….4
3. An Analysis of Rhetoric in English Speec4
3.1 Simile 4
3.2 Metaphor 6
3.3 Parallelism 7
3.4 Repetition 9
3.5 Alliteration 11
3.6 Antithesis 12
3.7 Rhetorical question 14
4．Conclusion 15
Bibliography 16
Acknowledgements 1527
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