英语演讲中的修辞手法Rhetoric Device in English Speech 第8页
3.7 Rhetorical question
A rhetorical question is a figure of speech in the form of a question posed for its persuasive effect without the expectation of a reply. Rhetorical questions encourage the listener to think about what the (often obvious) answer to the question must be. When a speaker states, "How much longer must our people endure this injustice?”, no formal answer is expected. Rather, it is a device used by the speaker to assert or deny something.
Use a rhetorical question as a lead-in from an introduction to the body of speech. The author already knows the answer the intended audience will give. This is an effective use of the rhetorical question. While rhetorical questions aren't meant to be answered, they are used to engage the audience's attention. Once the orator has that attention, he/she should follow it up with relevant material that not only answers the rhetorical question, directly or indirectly, but which expands on it. The rhetorical question is often the introduction to a larger topic.
For example,
①“Shall we pause now and turn our back upon the road that lies ahead? Shall we call this the promised land? Or, shall we continue on our way? “（Franklin D. Roosevelt）
The actual intention of the above question is negative answer, with the use of rhetorical question, the speaker expressed strong feeling and enhanced what he said to be persuasive.
②“But when shall we be stronger? Will it be the next week, or the next year? Will it be when we are totally disarmed, and when a British guard shall be stationed in every house? Shall we gather strength but irresolution and inaction? Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance by lying supinely on our backs and hugging the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot?”
③“Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery?”
“Are we disposed to be of the number of those who, having eyes, see not, and, having ears, hear not, the things which so nearly concern their temporal salvation?”
(“Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death”, by Patrick Henry)
This address was made when the American colonies facing the historical choice-- either to take up arms and strive for independence, or compromises and enslaved. Henry using this question with keen eyes full of politicians and patriotic passion, to refute all sorts of falsehood and expound the necessity and possibility of armed struggle. He uses the technique of rhetorical question to very good effect, very expressive, encouraging and power, which deeply infection by the audience. From then on, the slogan “give me liberty, or give me death” inspired millions of people to fight for the independence of the North America.
4． Conclusion
Obviously, rhetoric is commonly used in English speeches. It endows English speeches unique artistic charm. Because of the use of rhetoric in speeches, the language becomes more fascinating, humorous, vivid and colorful, which give audience deep impression. Simile, metaphor, parallelism，alliteration，repetition, antithesis ,rhetorical question are the most frequently used rhetorical devices in English speeches, which can achieve desired effects of English speeches. For the use of rhetoric in English speeches, orators can use the simplest language to express the most complex meaning, which makes the rhetoric fully express its charm.
From the analysis and study above, it can be found that the use of rhetorical devices contributes a lot to successful speeches. Rhetorical devices are the determinative factors in English speeches. Generally speaking, by analyzing and studying the use of rhetoric in speeches, more wonderful speeches can be appreciated and the quintessence of rhetoric can be grasped. 本文来自辣'文,论~文.网
In a word, a successful speech needs ingenious using of rhetoric device. The function of rhetoric in English speeches is self-evident.
Bibliography
参考文献： 毕业论文
http://www.751com.cn [1] 张文慧，康雷鸣.克林顿总统就职演说词的语言特色分析［J］.黑龙江教育学院学报，2008，（9）
[2] 唐颖，曲晶.英语修辞学 [M]. 吉林：吉林大学出版社，2006.
[3] 胡曙中.英语语篇语言学研究［M］.上海：上海外语教育出版社，2005.
[4] 青松.英语演讲句子层面的文体特征分析[J].沧州师范专科学校学报2005，（12）
[5] 钟敬东.英语演讲修辞的强化、雅化及形象化功能探讨[J] 浙江省重点专业（实用英语）建设规划项目，浙江省职教高教[2001]138.
[6] 胡曙中.现代英语修辞学 [M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，2007.
[7] 谢伦浩.演讲写作技巧 [M].北京：石油工业出版社，2008.
[8] 刘德强等.世界演讲名篇鉴赏辞典 [M].上海：上海辞书出版社，2006.
[9] 冯翠华.英语修辞大全 [M] 外语教学与研究出版社， 2005.
[10] 胡壮麟.语言学概论 [M]. 北京：北京出版社，2007年.
[11] 方梦之，毛忠明.英汉-汉英应用翻译教程 第三版 [M]. 上海：上海外语教育出版社，2005.
[12] 王德春.现代修辞学 [M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，2007.
[13] 吴群芳.西方经典演讲辞 [M].北京：西苑出版社，2005.
[14] 陈定安.英汉修辞与翻译 [M].北京：中国青年出版社，2007.
[15] 黎海斌.即学即用演讲英语 [M].北京：中国纺织出版社，2008.
[16] 苏章海,马丁.路德.金《我有一个梦》的文体分析[J]山东农业大学，1998
上一页 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
英语演讲中的修辞手法Rhetoric Device in English Speech 第8页下载如图片无法显示或论文不完整，请联系qq752018766
