4. Remeasurement based on a Bill of Materials: The client pays a standard rate per room, based on an average size of room, (or for a range of standard room sizes, one, two or three windows wide). This would be appropriate, as opposed to fixed price, if it was not known in advance how many of the rooms were going to be one, two or three windows wide. The contractor will again want to claim for delays.
5. Fixed Price: The contractor is paid a fixed-price, lump-sum, for the entire job. The client needs to specify in advance the exact number of rooms that are going to be one, two or three windows wide. If they underestimate the ratio of one window to three window offices, the contractor will benefit; if they overestimate, the contractor will claim.
There is not full agreement in the literature about these definitions, particularly what
constitutes a remeasurment contract. The PMI Guide to the PMBoK5 defines only one type of remeasurment contract, that based on a Schedule of Rates. We think that most clients letting a cost-plus contract would specify maximum unit rates. 本文来自辣.文~论^文·网原文请找腾讯3249.114
Conceptually all five contract payment terms should deliver the same out-turn cost. However, we suspect opportunism by the contractor will lead them to inflate claims for quantities used in the earlier types, and will lead them to create bogus claims for variations in the latter types. So how can we put in place control mechanisms to stop the opportunity for deceit, and what is the cost of those control mechanisms? And how can we align the client’s and contractor’s goals, so the contractor is rewarded for not indulging in opportunistic behaviour.
4.COST OF MANAGING THE CONTRACTmatlab的fir滤波器的设计(滤波器原理图+代码+框图+参考文献)
We consider first the transaction costs, that is the cost of planning, adapting and monitoring task completion, the cost of managing the contractual relationship. Cox and Thompson6 say: … there is an administrative process involved in contracting over an above the required actions of the contract. This process has costs attached to it which are referred to as transaction costs. Other transaction costs might include the identification, accreditation and selection of suppliers and/or performance monitoring and feedback.
Are these transaction costs related to the level of risk of the project? We assume the total cost to the client of a project is the out-turn cost of the contract, plus the transaction cost of setting-up and administering the contract. The out-turn cost of setting-up and administering the ontract has four elements:
1. the cost of specifying the product in the tender documentation
2. the cost of specifying the work methods (process) in the tender documentation
3. the cost of managing variations to the specification of the product during project delivery
4. the cost of managing variations in the specification of the process during project delivery
We said above that in a totally rational world, the out-turn cost of the contract should be the ame under all five contract types. Thus the total cost of the project to the client will be etermined by these four items, Figure 1, and so contract payment terms should be chosen hich minimize them.
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