Among the discussion, a majority of researchers happen to coincide in the terms of the theories of which they make positive use to support their stance. These theories include German functionalist translation theory, function equivalence theory, cultural translation philosophy, golden translation principles of “Faithfulness, Expressiveness, and Elegance” and Translation Norm Theory and so on. Moreover, the analysis from the scholars proves to cover a wide range of subjects, such as linguistics, sociology, mass communication, cultural studies as well as relevant translation theories.
However, as a newly-developed translation arena, little fruits have been achieved in the study of the practical integration of translation principles of “Faithfulness, Expressiveness, and Elegance” with translation of lines in English movies, though lots of outstanding researches cannot be ignored. So this paper focus on lines’ translation from English into Chinese under the theme of how to adhere to “Faithfulness, Expressiveness, Elegance” in the film translation.
1.2 The Golden Opportunity of Developing the Film Translation
Since the great success of the 29th Olympic Games held in Beijing, as well as the outstanding performance of China during the current global financial crisis, the relations between our country and the rest of the world in the areas of politics, economy and culture have developed into a new, rapid and all-round stage, especially in the field of cultural exchanges. Evidently, there are increasingly diverse ways and channels for different countries to communicate with each other, among which the translation of film scripts and TV drama scripts are most worth mentioning.
1.3 Academic Background
As a newly-developed but globally popularized cultural form, film and TV translation is playing a crucial role in the exchanges of various civilizations, especially since the reform and opening-up policy has been put into practice in our country. Paralleled with the literal translation, film translation is one of the most vital members in the translation field (Qian，2001:61). It goes without saying that there exists certain similarity between film translation and literal translation. However, the former is often considered as an integrated art, or a key component in mass media, combining the image with the acoustical effect at the same time. Therefore, film and TV translation holds some special approaches of dealing with language characteristics in its translation, such as, the consideration of the response from the audience, the instantaneous integrity of sound and the like. Undoubtedly, such widespread cultural form has provided a golden opportunity for the public to broaden their horizon and enrich the spiritual life. Nevertheless, along with the rapid development of modern society, the individuals are more inclined to acquire the maximum information and up-to-the-minute program in the shortest time, which meanwhile results in the higher requirement in the respect of film translation. So the traditional dubbed film is faced with great challenges due to too long time in dubbing. Also, nowadays the audience prefers more to enjoy the original film with subtitle than ever before. Under such circumstances, the translation of lines in English movies is favored by a climbing number of the film-lovers, which calls for rising attention academically and commercially.
The lines’ translation in foreign films is regarded as a branch of foreign motion picture and TV programs translation. As to some other titles involved in this area, including subtitling translation, scenario translation and so on, we can safely come to conclude that all refer to the same concept as the lines’ translation but only differ in the expression and emphases. As presented above, compared with the translation of literary works, the translation of film language has a couple of particularities, falling into two groups labeled as language characteristics and cross-cultural communication respectively. On the one hand, there exist a lot of features concerning language characteristics, among which the following ones come to front, such as colloquialism, lip rounding harmony, instantaneity, popularity and simplicity. On the other hand, the peculiarity of cross-cultural communication in film translation is often reflected on the principle that culture is the essential factor in translation, which in particularly makes itself stand out. According to cultural translation studies and function equivalence theory (Susan Bassnett & Andre Lefere, 1990: 2), successful translation should also be readers – oriented, art – oriented and original works –oriented, and the receptivity from target readers should be emphasized. Harmonious psychological reaction for target audience is always the ultimate criterion of films and TV translation.
However, although the film translation is universally accepted as a cultural form that can be beneficial to the exchanges of diverse civilizations, few academic fruits come out. The reason for such phenomenon lies in the fact that the transmission of cultural values in screen translation has received very little attention and so remains one of the most pressing areas of research in translation studies.
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