数控车床外文文献及文献翻译 第6页

Fig. 4.1.1 a Laser hardening process integrated in the turning centre. b System by Boehringer
The laser head can be manipulated本文来自辣,文,论#文,网，www.751com.cn 加7位QQ324.9114找源文 to apply them to complex shaped parts. The advantage of laser hardening against other more productive methods such as induction hardening is its flexibility, and the possibility of applying to details in one workpiece, likewise difficult to reach points.
Laser welding has also been incorporated by some turning centre manufacturers (Fig. 4.1.2). In this case laser is applied for welding parts in an intermediate operation; furthermore, it can be used for hardening and even for finishing some part details.

Fig. 4.1.2 Laser welding integrated in a turning centre
Laser-assisted turning has been also investigated in the last ten to fifteen years for hard to machine materials. This application is based on the idea that continuous laser beam induced heating of the workpiece provides a local softening of the material, enabling the material to be machined using a defined cutting edge.
Several research works have reported positive results from laser-assisted machining for machining ceramics, whereas in the case of metal alloys such as nickel and cobalt based stainless steel or titanium alloys, the results are quite contradictory. In industrial terms, the application of laser-assisted machining is almost negligible.

4.2 Roller Burnishing and Deep Rolling
Roller burnishing is a cold rolling process without actual metal removal. It is a new concept in finishing components.
The surface of metal parts worked through turning, reaming or boring operations is a succession of peaks and valleys when microscopically examined. The roller burnishing operation (Fig. 4.2.1) compresses the peaks into valleys (Fig. 4.2.2), thus forming a smooth mirror finished surface.

Fig. 4.2.1 a Roller burnishing. b Lathe ware rolling is applied to train axles
One step ahead, deep rolling is one of the most valuable mechanical processes to

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