浅析顾城的诗学追求
The contents summary: the end of 70's in 20 centuries, hazy poem for dead silent already a long time of poem boundary infused into a delightfully fresh breeze.Compared with the traditional verse, the modern consciousness of the poem strengthenned, the poets pay attention to the ego, paying attention to the character, having the rebel of mightiness consciousness, awaring of self to participate the race reconstruction.Attend to the city is this poems to represent one of the poets.Its art pursue very and specially, he is an our country unique a" nursery tale poet" in contemporary verse history now, aware of self with the child's heart feeling world, build the other shore world that mankind look forward to.Have not yet the mind of the polluting kid and have not yet the great universe that mankind set foot in, is a point to be attended to that attends to the city.Attend to the city with the child's eye, pay attention to this world, the put on of pertinacity become the human life field dirty.He hopes earnestly to build up a world of nature and man integral whole, there person and nature the diapason get along with, each other get off the heart.Have no bloody and betrayal.The childhood experience provided ideal fertile fields for him, the place of his early years life is a slice of warm and quite sounds of nature world.Though return to the city afterwards, but his heart park there.Face the city motley, he look for the actuality in the poem in the lost sunlight.Attend to the city is aware of him the hardships of" Kingdom of Heaven" dream, so often show unintentionally the light sadness in his poem.For avoid disturbingly noisy of customs, he leaves for with wife far New Zealand the torrent current island, fantasize to expand to belong to their own Kingdom.However realistic and a shot is ground attend to the dream of the city.But he always at and dirty the human life field resist, his innocent bring the people with persistence touched.Attend to the city is not to sink to immerse in visionary dreamland, avoiding the life.He has the sense of responsibility of the knowledge member predestination, remoulding the desire of the eastern race, not thin forget because of keep off the mainland.Attend to the city is a brave man, he presumes to surmount the outside thing, carrying out the ideal in the heart.His final outcome worthy of people thorough deliberation.The Sinology house of the abroad calls him as" east of bright pearl".He draws on Chinese and Foreign numerous concernses with his intelligence.This text with 《 I am a child of self-will 》 for correspond the point, the analysis attends to the poem of the city to learn to pursue.
Keyword: 《 I am a child of self-will 》 Gucheng
The poem learns to pursue20世纪70年代末,朦胧诗为沉寂已久的诗坛注入了一股清新的风。与传统诗歌相比,诗的现代意识增强了,诗人们高扬自我,注重个性,具有强烈的反叛意识,自觉参与民族性的重建。顾城是这一诗群的代表诗人之一。其艺术追求十分特别,他是我国现当代诗歌史上唯一一位“童话诗人”,自觉地以童心感受世界,搭建人类向往的彼岸世界。未经污染的孩童的心灵和未经人类涉足的大自然,是顾城的着眼点。顾城以孩子的眼,关注着这个世界,执拗的抹去成人世界的污浊。他渴望建立一个天人一体的世界,那里人与自然和谐相处,彼此倾诉。没有血腥和背叛。童年经验给他提供了理想的沃土,他早年生活的地方是片温暖、宁静的天籁世界。尽管后来回到城市,但他的心却停在那里。面对城市的斑驳,他在诗里寻找现实中失去的阳光。顾城意识到他“天国”梦的艰辛,因此他的诗里常流露出淡淡的忧伤。为了躲避喧嚣的世俗,他和妻子远赴新西兰激流岛,幻想着开拓出属于他们自己的王国。然而现实又一次击碎了顾城的梦。但是他一直在和肮脏的成人世界对抗,他的天真和执著带给人们感动。顾城并不是沉浸在虚无缥缈的幻境中,躲避人生。他有着知识分子宿命的责任感,重塑东方民族的渴望,并未因远离本土而淡忘。顾城是一个勇敢的人,他敢于超越外物,实现心中的理想。他的结局是值得人们深入思索的。国外的汉学家称他为“东方的明珠”。他以他的明慧吸引着中外众多的关注。本文以《我是一个任性的孩子》为切入点,浅析顾城的诗学追求。
关键词:《我是一个任性的孩子》;顾城;诗学追求顾城是我国现当代诗歌史上唯一一位“童话诗人”。他的《 我是一个任性的孩子》宣布自己是被“幻想妈妈宠坏的孩子/我任性”,这一句描述了他自己的一生:任由自己的想法,固执地编织自己的梦,这是顾城的执著,也是他的魅力。在纷繁、肮脏的成人世界里,顾城情愿“闭上眼,世界就与我无关了”。他甘愿守住的是他自己心中的世界,他要“集合起星星、紫云英和蝈蝈的队伍,向着没有污染的远方出发”①
顾城认为“诗是理想之树上,闪耀的雨滴”,他要用“心中的纯银,铸一把钥匙,去开启天国的门”,去表现“纯净的美”。这种诗观,建立在这样的信念之上:现实世界的不可弥合的分裂,不和谐的痛苦将在诗观中得到解决,以实现人的心灵的“绝对自由”。②这追求在未经涉世的孩子的眼中和未经人类涉足的大自然中流露出来。《我是一个任性的孩子》采用儿童视角,在儿童的理想里改造着成人世界。顾城此诗里的孩童形象如清新的风,敲击着成人世界的污尘。他在用稚气的理想拯救天地,他要在“大地上画满窗子/让所有习惯黑暗的眼睛/都习惯光明。”悲凉又崇高,非常圣洁。这很有力量,一语洞悉了大世界的斑驳。而用孩子般的梦想,诉说这一切更具震撼,比成人的呐喊更振耳发聩。北岛呐喊着“卑鄙是卑鄙者的通行证,高尚是高尚者的墓志铭”时,顾城却在执著的画着“笨拙的自由”,他让小河快乐,让“长满淡淡的茸毛的丘陵相爱”,让“每一阵静静的春天的激动/都成为一朵小花的生日”,他没有诅咒黑暗,而是把自由和光明搬进诗中,就像一场暴风雨后,一切都非常平静,世间甚至没有一星尘埃飘动,受了洗礼般,世界变得干净,心也不染风尘。在西方文学中也经常有这样的艺术形象。在一群污七八糟的人寰世界里,会出现一个非常无辜的小孩子。德国作家托马斯•曼的《浮士德博士》中,就出现了这样一个小天使,他帮助陷入绝望的音乐家莱文屈恩创作出辉煌的音乐。这个小天使是希望,是一个亮点来平衡这个世界当中所有人的罪。③顾城用未涉世的孩童的眼和心灵感受着成人世界,构建着自己的童话家园。在国外接受采访时,他曾专门对“童话”作过解释,他特别强调这个“童”是李贽“童心说”的“童”,指未被污染的本心,而不是指儿童幼稚的心,因此他的诗中住着“不会流泪的眼睛”,“天空和属于天空的羽毛和树叶”,“淡绿的夜晚和苹果”,它们拥有“像彩色蜡笔那样美丽”的时刻。这类童话般的意象富于幻想,晶莹,有生命力,新鲜而单纯,直指“未被污染的本心”,意象明了的呈现,直引读者进入审美意境或作更深入思考。“艺术创作就是人类的童心在更高的程度上的复活和再现,艺术家就是最有童心的人。”顾城推崇李贽的“天下之至文,未有不出于童心者焉者也”,只要“童心常存”,则“无时不文,无人不文,无一样创制体格文学而非文者。”顾城在谈到朦胧诗时指出:“他们的作品在一个时期,都不约而同地写孩子,或用小孩子的方式来表达痛苦、期待,他们所经历的感情瞬间,和人类远离的天真时代无意相合661