摘要:本文从污染土壤中所含重金属成分和特点出发,阐述土壤中重金属元素铅、镉、汞对植物、动物,以及通过大自然食物链对人类身体所造成的危害。论述了为减轻污染所带来的生态环境及健康危害,各个领域研究的各种物理修复、化学修复、微生物修复等方法,如何将土壤内重金属浓度降低到合格标准或被清除,同时也介绍了国外处理土壤中重金属的方法。由于目前修复方法或多或少都存在二次污染这一问题,同时有些方法成本较高,不适合广泛使用,需要研究开发一种没有二次污染、且成本低廉的修复方法。本项目研究通过采用磷酸与氢氧化钙反应制备羟基磷酸钙,并将羟基磷酸钙来作为重金属化学固定修复制剂,与硫脲复合后,应用于重金属污染土壤中,对土壤中重金属进行固定修复研究,取得了良好的实验效果。34383
毕业论文关键词: 羟基磷酸钙;土壤重金属;化学固定修复
The preparation of hydroxy calcium phosphate and its application in the repair of heavy metals
Abstract: Heavy metals from contaminated soil contained in the composition and characteristics of soil heavy metal elements in the lead, cadmium, mercury on plants, animals, and nature is the harm to human body caused by food chain. Discussed in order to reduce pollution and the ecological environment of health hazards, each field of research of various physical methods of repair, chemical remediation, bioremediation, how to reduce soil heavy metal concentration in the eligibility criteria or cleared, but also introduced processing method of heavy metals in soil. The current repair methods have more or less secondary pollution this problem, at the same time some methods cost is higher, are not suitable for wide use, need to research and development a no secondary pollution, and low cost method of repair. This project study by using hydroxy calcium phosphate, phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide reaction preparation and hydroxy calcium phosphate chemical fixed prosthesis preparations for heavy metal, and thiourea compound, used in heavy metal pollution in soil, the soil heavy metals in fixed prosthesis research, has obtained the good experimental effect.
Key words: Hydroxy calcium phosphate; Heavy metal; Chemical remediation methods
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 重金属的性质及危害 1
1.2 土壤重金属修复研究进展 2
1.3 国内、外土壤重金属修复研究及成果 4
1.3.1 国内土壤重金属修复研究及成果 4
1.3.2 国外土壤重金属修复研究及成果 6
1.4 课题研究意义、目的 7
2 实验部分 9
2.1 实验试剂和仪器 9
2.1.1 实验主要原料及试剂 9
2.1.2 实验主要设备 9
2.2 实验内容及装置 9
2.2.1 羟基磷酸钙的配制 9
2.2.2 羟基磷酸钙对重金属溶液的应用 10
2.3 羟基磷酸钙及其应用的表征方法 11
2.3.1 羟基磷酸钙的钙、磷含量测定 11
2.3.2 羟基磷酸钙对土壤的应用表征分析 11
2.3.3 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪 13
3 实验结果与讨论 16
3.1 羟基磷酸钙的分析 16
3.1.1 羟基磷酸钙对重金属的固化作用 16
3.2 制备羟基磷酸钙的影响因素 18
3.3 羟基磷酸钙对重金属溶液的应用分析 18
3.4 羟基磷酸钙对重金属土壤的影响分析 22 羟基磷酸钙的制备及其在重金属修复中的应用:http://www.751com.cn/huaxue/lunwen_31864.html