摘要近年来，PM2.5带来的污染问题日益严重，过滤材料的开发成为当务之急。本课题以聚丙烯腈（PAN）为原料，N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）为溶剂配制浓度为15%的聚丙烯腈溶液，通过静电纺丝技术制得PAN纳米纤维，并与聚丙烯（PP）驻极体材料通过平面复合和空间复合的方式得到两种新型过滤材料，再由扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察新型过滤材料的纤维形貌，通过拉力测试比较其力学性能，并对其空气过滤能力做了初步的PM2.5过滤检测。48037

结果表明，平面复合材料截面有两层较好的过滤层结构，与未复合纤维膜的驻极体材料相比，过滤性能提升较大；空间复合材料所含驻极体的分散效果明显，过滤效果优于平面复合材料，由于驻极体的加入使其力学性能也显著增强。

毕业论文关键词 聚丙烯腈；静电纺丝；驻极体；空气过滤

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title    Protective materials of PM2.5 particles based on nano fiber  membrane                                    

Abstract

In recent years, the pollution problem caused by PM2.5 has become more and more serious, and the development of filter material is a top priority. In this project,we use the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as raw materials, N, N - dimethyl -formamide (DMF) as solvent preparation concentration for 15% of polyacrylonitrile solution.The PAN nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning and with polypropylene (PP) electret material by composite planar and spatial composite to get two new filtration material. By scanning electron microscope (SEM), the fiber morphology of the new filter material was observed, the mechanical properties were compared by tensile test, and the air filtration ability of the new filter was tested by PM2.5 filter.

The results show that planar composite section has two better filtering layer structure and filtration performance is improved greatly; the dispersion effect of the electret material is obvious in space composite material,and the filtering effect is better than that of the plane composite material.Besides,the mechanical properties of the composite material are obviously enhanced due to the addition of the electret material.

Keywords  polyacrylonitrile，electrospinning，electret，air filtration

目  录

1  引言…1

1.1  静电纺丝技术1

1.1.1  静电纺丝的研究发展1

1.1.2  静电纺丝原理…1

1.1.3  静电纺丝影响因素…2

1.2  电纺纤维膜在过滤领域的应用…3  

1.3  驻极体材料…4

1.3.1  驻极体材料的发展…4

1.3.2  驻极体材料的分类…5

1.4  空气过滤机理6

1.4.1  空气过滤基本参数…6

1.4.2  电纺纤维过滤机理…7

1.4.3  驻极体空气过滤材料的作用机理…7

1.5  过滤材料的力学性能…7

1.5.1  纤维的拉伸性能指标8

1.5.2  纤维的拉伸断裂机理8

1.6  课题研究的意义和内容  …9

2  实验部分 10

2.1  实验原料和仪器 10

2.2  实验内容 …10

2.2.1  纺丝溶液的配制 …10

2.2.2 PAN电纺条件的探究  …11

2.2.3 PAN-PP平面复合膜的制备 …11

2.2.4 PAN-PP空间复合材料的制备 12

2.3  复合材料的测试与表征 …12

2.3.1  扫描电镜形貌结构表征 12

2.3.2  拉伸性能测试 12

2.3.3  过滤性能测试 13

3  结果与讨论 …14 以纳米纤维膜基础的PM2.5防护材料:http://www.751com.cn/huaxue/lunwen_50375.html