摘要聚氯乙烯（PVC）是一种非结晶材料，因具有不易燃、高强度、优良的耐酸碱腐蚀等突出的综合性能而广泛应用于食品、医药、日用品包装等领域。由于聚乙烯树脂分子中有不稳定结构的存在，当温度达到150℃时容易发生热降解脱氯化氢（HCl）的反应。这使得聚氯乙烯（PVC）的使用受到极大的限制。添加各类热稳定剂可以有效提高聚氯乙烯（PVC）在加工过程中发生热降解的最低温度。传统的热稳定剂主要包括铅盐、有机锡稳定剂，虽然有较高的热稳定效率，但是毒性较大。鉴于有毒热稳定剂在生产和使用中会给环境与人类带来危害，研究无毒、无污染的高效复合热稳定剂具有十分重要的前景和意义。本论文采用电导率法研究不同质量比的脂肪酸钡与脂肪酸锌复合热稳定剂对PVC热稳定作用，用红外光谱来考证脂肪酸盐能增强PVC热稳定作用的原因。研究结果显示，随着复合热稳定剂中硬脂酸钡或软脂酸钡的质量百分数的增加，该复合热稳定剂对PVC热稳定作用效果越来越好。脂肪酸盐之所以能增强PVC热稳定性是由于脂肪酸锌能与PVC反应，生成较稳定的酯类物质。58219

Abstract

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a kind of non-crystalline material, because of have no inflammable, high strength, good resistance to acid alkali corrosion and other outstanding comprehensive performance and is widely used in food, medicine, daily necessities packaging, and other fields. Due to the instability of polyethylene resin molecular structure, when the temperature reaches 150℃ are prone to release heat drop hydrochloric acid (HCl) reaction. This makes the use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is limited greatly. Add all kinds of heat stabilizer can effectively increase the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermal degradation occurred in the process of machining the lowest temperature. Traditional heat stabilizars, including lead salts, organotin stabilizer, although have high thermal stability of efficiency, but the bigger toxicity. Given the toxic heat stabilizer in the production and use has a harmful effect on the environment and human, nontoxic and pollution-free high-performance composite heat stabilizer is of great importance to prospect and significance. The effect of conductivity of different mass ratio of fatty acid and fatty acid barium zinc compound heat stabilizer on thermal stability of PVC, because the infrared spectrum was used to research the salts of fatty acids can enhance the heat stability of PVC. Research results show that, with the increase of the percentage of stearic acid quality composite heat stabilizer of barium or palmitic acid barium, the composite heat stabilizer on thermal stability of PVC effect is getting better and better. Fatty acid salt can enhance the thermal stability of PVC is due to the fatty acid zinc can react with PVC esters, generate more stable.

毕业论文关键词：聚氯乙烯；热降解；热稳定剂；热稳定效率

Keywords：Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)；Thermal degradation；Thermal stabilizer；The thermal stability of efficiency

目    录

摘    要 2

Abstract 3

目    录 4

1. 引言 5

1.1 热稳定剂 5

1.2 PVC塑料的热稳定性测试方法选择 6

1.3 课题的提出及其意义 7

1.4 课题的研究内容 7

2. 实验部分 7

2.1 实验药品及仪器 7

2.1.1 实验药品 7

2.1.2 实验仪器 复合脂肪酸盐对PVC热稳定作用的研究:http://www.751com.cn/huaxue/lunwen_50611.html