窄带隙聚合物太阳能电池用苯并二噻吩单元的设计制备

摘要通过拓宽聚合物的吸收光谱和提高载流子迁移率可以有效提高聚合物太阳能电池的光电转换效率。合成新颖的窄带隙聚合物成为提高效率的有效途径之一。目前，窄带隙聚合物是新型太阳能电池的研究热点。苯并二噻吩类窄带隙聚合物极具有高效率有机太阳能电池的潜力。本课题论文对苯并二噻吩的结构设计与合成进行了研究，尝试设计合成了二文结构的苯并二噻吩单元。以3-噻吩甲酸和噻吩为原料通过逐步反应，每步经过提纯、核磁表征，确定各阶段产物的分子结构，最终成功合成了二文结构的苯并二噻吩类給体单元。这种给体单元可应用于各种D-A结构窄带隙聚合物的合成，通过其制成太阳能器件，进一步探究其光电转换效率的优劣及其应用前景。10165
关键词苯并二噻吩窄带隙聚合物合成共轭聚合物聚合物太阳能电池
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Structural Design and Synthesis of Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene
     for Narrow Bandgap Conjugated Polymer Solar Cells
Abstract
The design and synthesis of new conjugated polymers with broader absorption band and higher mobility is the effective way to further improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells (PSCs). The synthesis of novel narrow bandgap can achieve these goals. Currently, the narrow bandgap polymers are a new research focus of polymer solar cells. Some new conjugated polymers based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene have been synthesized successfully and the polymer solar cells have exhibited high efficiencies of 4-7.4%. In this thesis, a structure of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene as the donor has been designed and synthesized. Thiophene-3-carboxylic acid and thiophene are the raw material. To detect the molecular structure, product of each reaction was purified and determined by 1H NMR. Eventually, the new donor has been synthesized successfully. Various polymers for solar device can be synthesized by alternating this electron donating unit and different accepting units. Compared with other materials in absorption spectra, bandgap, energy levels, mobility, and photovoltaic performance, the application prospects of these polymers can be surmised.
Keywords Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene Narrow bandgap polymer Synthesis   Conjugated polymers Polymer solar cells
目次
1 引言   1
1.1 聚合物太阳能电池的发展简介   2
1.2 苯并二噻吩类窄带隙聚合物的研究现状   3
1.3 聚合物太阳能电池光电转换效率的主要影响因素   6
1.3.1 吸收入射光与产生激子   6
1.3.2 激子扩散与电荷分离   7
1.3.3 电荷传输与收集   7
1.4 窄带隙聚合物的发展方向及本课题研究目的   7
2 苯并二噻吩的结构设计与合成   8
2.1 前言   8
2.2 苯并二噻吩的合成设计路线   9
2.3 实验部分   10
2.3.1 实验试剂与仪器设备   10
2.3.2 单体的合成   11
2.4 反应机理   14
2.5 1H NMR核磁共振检测   15
2.5.1 3-噻吩酰氯的1H NMR核磁共振图谱   15
2.5.2 3-噻吩酰胺的1H NMR核磁共振图谱   15
2.5.3 二酮的1H NMR核磁共振图谱   16
2.5.4 苯并二噻吩的1H NMR核磁共振图谱   16
2.6 结果与讨论   17
2.6.1 理论计算与1H NMR核磁分析总结   17 窄带隙聚合物太阳能电池用苯并二噻吩单元的设计制备:http://www.751com.cn/huaxue/lunwen_9134.html