摘  要:在庐山8种典型森林植被下采集土壤样品，分析纤文素酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶、酸性磷酸酶等5种土壤酶活性，并对其土壤微生物量碳氮磷的演变特征及土壤微生物群落功能多样性进行研究。结果表明：（1）玉山竹林下纤文素酶活性最高，灌丛最低；脲酶活性排序为灌丛>常绿-落叶阔叶混交林>常绿阔叶林>落叶阔叶林>马尾松林>玉山竹林>黄山松林>针阔混交林；常绿-落叶阔叶混交林下过氧化氢酶活性最高，黄山松林最低；常绿阔叶林下多酚氧化酶活性最高，针阔混交林最低；酸性磷酸酶活性大小排序为玉山竹林>常绿阔叶林>常绿-落叶阔叶混交林>落叶阔叶林>针阔混交林>灌丛>马尾松林>黄山松林；随着林下土层的加深，土壤酶活性下降，且表层（0~20cm）至20~40cm的土壤酶活性下降明显，20~40cm与40~60cm酶活性差异不明显。（2）土壤微生物量碳氮磷在不同植被类型下有不同的差异，常绿阔叶林和常绿-落叶阔叶混交林的微生物量碳氮磷的平均值都要明显高于灌丛，常绿阔叶林最大，灌丛最低；随着土层加深，土壤微生物量碳氮磷也在下降，且0~20cm与20~40cm差异明显；林下土壤MBC/SOC为2.57~4.18%，MBN/TN为3.13~5.85%，MBP/TP为7.72~24.42%。（3）不同植被下生物群落功能多样性比较可知，Shannon指数灌丛最大，黄山松林下最小，其他植被类型差异不明显，随着土层的加深，Shannon指数逐渐下降；Simpson指数在8种不同森林植被类型下整体差异不明显，群落中最常见的优势物种总体变化不大。39088
毕业论文关键词：土壤酶活性；微生物量碳氮磷；微生物特性；森林植被类型；庐山
Research on soil enzyme activity and microbial characteristics under different forest vegetation in Mt.Lushan
Abstract: This paper measured the activities of soil cellulase, urease, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and acid phosphatase in eight typical vegetation zones. We also studied the evolution characterstics of soil microbial biomass and the functional persity of soilmicrobial community in Lushan.  The results show that:  (1)Mt  jade bamboo forest has the highest cellulase enzyme activity, bushwood has the lowest; Eight kinds of forest vegetation types of urease activity are bushwood > evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest > evergreen broad-leaf forest >broadleaved deciduous forest > pinus massoniana forest > Mt jade bamboo
forest > pinus taiwanensis forest > mixed coniferous broad leaved forest; evergreen and deciduous broad -leaved mixed forest has the highest catalase enzyme activity, pinus massoniana forest has the lowest; evergreen broad-leaf forest has the highest polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity, mixed coniferous broad- leaved forest has the lowest; eight kinds of forest vegetation types of acid phosphatase activity are Mt jade bamboo forest > evergreen broad-leaf forest > evergreen and deciduous broad leaved mixed forest> broad- leaved deciduous forest > mixed coniferous broad leaved forest > bushwood > pinus massoniana forest > pinus taiwanensis forest; with the soil deepen, thesoil enzyme activity decline, there is significantly difference between the surface soil(0 ~20 cm) and the subsoil(20~ 40 cm), soil in 20 ~ 40 cm and 40 ~ 60 cm  enzyme activity is not obviously different. (2) soil microbial biomass carbon，nitrogen and phosphorus under different vegetation types have differences. Evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest of microbial carbon and nitrogen and phosphorus are obviously higher than the average of a brush, the soil microbial biomass carbon nitrogen and phosphorus of brushwood are the lowest; As the soil deepen, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen phosphorus is declining, and the of difference 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm is obvious; MBC/SOC of Lushan soil is 2.57 ~4.18%; MBP/TP is7.72~24.42%.(3)Bushwood’s Shannon persity index is the biggest，pinus taiwanensis forest’s is the shallest. The differrences of shannon persity index under different vegetation in Lushan are not obvious Simpson index under different vegetation types is not obviously different overall. The change of the most common dominant species in the community is not serious overall. 庐山不同森林植被下土壤酶活性及微生物特性研究:http://www.751com.cn/shengwu/lunwen_38209.html