常见稗草种对稻田土壤处理剂的敏感差异性及机理研究

稗草是我国稻田中发生最广、危害最重的主要杂草之一，采用整株生物测定法比较了敌稗等5种茎叶除草剂的处理剂量（0、0.4X、0.8X、1.2X、1.6X和2.0X,其中X为推荐剂量）对5种不同稗草种的敏感性差异。通过计算残留株数和干重抑制率的统计分析结果表明各稗草种对各药剂均有明显的敏感性。其中防效较好的是稻杰、韩秋好、二氯喹啉酸，其次双草醚，最后是敌稗。并且生化测定了2～3叶期抗性生物型和敏感生物型稗草在二氯喹啉酸除草剂处理后2d～4d后的GST酶活性.论文结果为稗草种对稻田除草剂的敏感性水平及大田安全有效实施杂草化学防除提供依据，同时通过稗草不同种对除草剂的敏感性研究来初步探讨稗草种间的差异。8312
关键词稗草除草剂敏感差异性 GST
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title    Study on susceptibility of barnyard grass common in Jiangsu province to herbicides and mechanism of herbicide resistance
Abstract
Barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.) is one of the major malignant weeds which occur most popularly in paddy rice fields of China. The susceptibility of 5 accessions of Echinochloa to 5 soil-applied herbicides (Propanil，Penoxsulam，Metamifop，Quinclorac, Bispyribac-sodium) was compared by Petri dish method and pot-spraying method respectively. The soil-applied herbicides were applied at 0、0.1X、0.2X、0.4X、0.8X and 1.6X the field rate. According to the inhibition rate of residual number and dry weight of the seedlings, all of 5 accessions collected were sensitive to different herbicides. Among the soil-applied herbicides, the control effect of Penoxsulam，Metamifop and Quinclorac is highest, the control of Propanil is lowest. Meanwhile, GST activities of the barnyard grass of two or three leaf stage for the resistance grass and sensitive barnyard grass by Quinclorac treatment.The results provided a basis on herbicide sensitivity of Echinochloa accessions and control efficacy of herbicides in paddy rice fields. Meanwhile, It preliminarily explored the differences of Echinochloa populations through the study on susceptibility to herbicides.
Keywords barnyard grass   herbicide   susceptibility   GST
目录
1 引言   1
1.1 稗草简介及危害   1
1.2 除草剂的使用及稗草抗性的由来   1
1.3 试验除草剂介绍及机理研究   2
1.3.1 敌稗乳油   2
1.3.2 稻杰   3
1.3.3 韩秋好   4
1.3.4 二氯喹啉酸   4
1.3.5 双草醚   5
1.4 GST指标   5
1．5 研究方法和目的   6
1.5.1 敏感差异性检测方法   6
1.5.2 GST方法   6
1.5.3 研究目的   7
2 材料与方法   7
2.1 试验材料   7
2.1.1 供试稗草   7
2.1.2 供试药剂及配制   7
2.3 试验方法   9
2.3.1 稗草苗的培养   9
2.3.2 敏感差异整株测定法   9
2.3.3 GST酶活测定方法   10
2.3.3.1 酶提取方法   10
3 结果与分析   11
3.1 供试药剂处理后的稗草表型特征   11
3.2 供试药剂处理后的各个指标测定   11
3.3 GST酶活结果   12
3.4 研究初步结论   13
4 讨论   14 常见稗草种对稻田土壤处理剂的敏感差异性及机理研究:http://www.751com.cn/shengwu/lunwen_6595.html