摘要众所周知,太阳能资源同时具备清洁与取之不尽用之不竭的双重特性,很适合用于人类的长期的、可持续的发展。同时,太阳能光伏器件转换效率的低下也一直困扰着广大的光伏工程师们。缘于光伏转换效率的低下,世界也因此诞生了诸多提高光伏转换率的新兴技术。其中,通过光学元件的组合和搭建,实现太阳能聚光光伏发电技术因其独特的优势,近年来一直保持着迅猛的发展速度,一种类似矩阵阵列的点聚光形式逐步发展成为聚光光伏发电技术的主流形式。同样的,因为矩阵阵列点聚光形式的复杂性以及聚光光伏发电平台电路组件等的复杂性,目前在国内一直缺乏一套完整的、可靠性高的聚光光伏测试平台,给聚光光伏器件性能的测试以及聚光光伏平台可靠性的测试等带来了很多不变与麻烦。本文设计并研制了这样一套高倍点数、可靠性高的聚光光伏测试平台,旨在解决上文提到的难题。45925
本文研制了一款具有高倍点数、可靠性高等特点的开放性聚光光伏器件测试平台。在本平台中,可以精准地测试出在高倍点聚光的情景下,半导体III-V族多结聚光太阳能电池的热学及电学特性。另外,在本平台中,还能开展创新型聚光光伏组件的设计,电路系统可靠性测试、IV特性测试等。
由于点聚焦型聚光光伏发电平台在短时间内温度会出现较大幅度的提升,本文设计并添加了温度控制夹具以便操作。另外,由于电池的温度不能通过直接的测量得到具体的数值,本文采用了实验数据与数值计算的方法大致计算出电池的温度。平台的设计综合考虑到了点聚焦太阳电池的特性,利用光学软件设计了一套线性的聚光光伏系统以实现其持续可变性。并选取了合适功率测试范围的电流电压测试设备用来测试太阳能光伏电池的IV特性输出曲线等数据参数,同时收集并分析点聚焦产生的光斑等光学要素。实验过程中使用双层透镜替代单层透镜,可以使得光斑获得较低的像差及中高倍的聚光系数。
根据设计思路搭建中高倍数的聚光光伏测试平台,根据测试结果记录聚光倍数及光斑密度等参数。纪录数据并绘制IV特性曲线,根据IV曲线得到太阳能电池在不同光强下的效率、开路电压、短路电流及最大功率点等参数,并加以改进以实现中高倍聚光光伏测试平台的搭建。
毕业论文关键词:聚光光伏;点聚焦;半导体III-V族三结太阳能电池;测试平台
ABSTRACT
As is known to all the people, solar energy resources also have clean and inexhaustible dual characteristics, very suitable for human long-term and sustainable development.Also, the low conversion efficiency of Solar photovoltaic devices has been plagued by the majority of PV engineers.Due to the low efficiency of photovoltaic conversion, the world is also the birth of a number of new technologies to improve the conversion rate of PV.Among them, through the combination of optical elements and build, solar concentrating photovoltaic power generation technology because of its unique advantages, in recent years has maintained a rapid pace of development, a similar matrix array focusing form gradually development has become a mainstream form of concentrating photovoltaic power generation technology.Similarly, because of the complexity in the form of a matrix array of point focusing complexity and concentrating photovoltaic power circuit components, at present in the country has been the lack of a complete, high reliability of concentrating photovoltaic testing platform, to the concentrating photovoltaic device performance test and reliability of concentrating photovoltaic platform testing brought many unchanged and trouble.This paper designed and developed such a high number of points, high reliability of the photovoltaic test platform, designed to solve the above mentioned problems. 聚光光伏测试平台的设计与研究:http://www.751com.cn/tongxin/lunwen_47544.html