社区居民委员会运行机制的实证研究

摘要：我国城市社区自治，始于 20世纪 90 年代末期的社区建设。本文以上海市徐汇区自治家园为例，通过观察和访谈的方式进行实证调查。通过调查发现，目前社区自治模式可归纳为志愿服务、优秀领袖和块区自治三种类型。志愿服务型，是通过社区社团以及居民自发组织的志愿服务团队为活动载体，引导其开展为民服务；优秀领袖型的关键在于，社区积极分子，以及在居民群众中有一定声望的领袖；块区自治型，则是以相邻密集的几个楼组为一个块区，形成“点” “面”结合的楼组自治管理格局。这三种自治模式最大的特点就是，搭建自治平台，吸引居民广泛参与，社区居民联动，提供社区公共服务。其不足则在于，过于依赖社区内的权威人士，以及居委干部及社区居民自治意识仍有待提高。 20011
关键字：社区自治；居委会运行机制；自治家园
Operating Mechanism of Community Residents’ Committee
in Xuhui District, Shanghai
Abstract： Our city community autonomy was began by the community building in the late
1990s. This paper takes the autonomous homeland in Shanghai Xuihui District as an example
and presents empirical research through observation and interviews. Through the survey, we
found that the current mode of community autonomy can be pided into three types: voluntary
service, outstanding leaders and block autonomous. Voluntary service is that using the
spontaneous organization of volunteer service team which is organized by the community
associations and residents as the carrier, guide them to carry out service for people. The key of
outstanding leader is the community activists and the leaders who has a certain prestige in the
residents. Block autonomous is based on several adjacent building groups as a block, forming
the autonomous management pattern of building groups with spot and surface. The main
characteristic of these three autonomy modes is that building autonomous platform, attracting
broad participation of residents, community interaction, and provide community public services.
The problem is that depending too much on the authority of community, and the autonomy
consciousness of residents’committee cadres and residents needs further improvement.
KeyWords：Community Autonomy；Operating Mechanism of Residents’ Committee；Autonomous Homeland
目录

一、绪论.. 1
（一）研究缘起... 1
（二）文献综述... 1
（三）核心概念的界定. 2
（四）研究方案... 3
二、徐汇区自治家园提出的背景.. 4
（一）历史的背景.... 4
（二）发展的改革.... 5
（三）自治的提出.... 6
三、徐汇区自治家园基本模式的归纳.... 6
（一）志愿服务型.... 7
（二）优秀领袖型.... 7
（三）块区自治型.... 8
四、徐汇区自治家园三种模式的优劣势分析 10
（一）优势.... 10
（二）不足11
五、总结和讨论... 12
（一）总结.... 12
（二）讨论.... 12
致谢.. 14
参考文献.. 15
附录：访谈对象基本资料.... 16
一、绪论
（一）研究缘起
在我国经济体制改革由计划经济转型为市场经济的过程中，社会转型也悄然
展开。我国的改革开放，其实质，就是在政府权力社会化的过程中，扩大公民权
利。政府从大包大揽的全能型政府转变为承担服务责任的有限型政府。在这一转
变过程中，形成了“政府——市场——社会”的三分格局， “公域”与“私域” 社区居民委员会运行机制的实证研究:http://www.751com.cn/guanli/lunwen_11628.html