摘要氧化石墨烯具有含能特性，其剥离后的纳米片层比表面积大，将其作为可燃剂，并在其表面负载氧化剂，可以得到一类新型纳米结构的复合含能材料。本毕业论文采用改良的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯，选取KNO3作为氧化剂，分别采用重结晶法、中和法和溶剂-非溶剂法将KNO3负载到氧化石墨烯片层上，并利用XRD、FESEM和TG-DTA对KNO3/氧化石墨烯纳米复合含能材料进行物相分析、微观形貌分析和热分析。研究结果表明：三种方法都能将KNO3负载到氧化石墨烯上；重结晶法制备的纳米复合含能材料的KNO3负载量最大，固-固相放热反应最迅速、完全；溶剂-非溶剂法制备的纳米复合含能材料的累积放热量最大。19902
关键词 氧化石墨烯 KNO3 含能材料 结晶 放热
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Preparation and Characterization of KNO3/Graphene oxide Nanocomposite Energetic Materials
Abstract
Graphene oxide is highly energetic, and the nanosheet after exfoliating has a large surface area. Graphene oxide, as a flammable agent, and an oxidizer, which is deposited onto the graphene oxide nanosheets, can form a new type of nanocomposite energetic materials. In this paper, KNO3 was chosen as the oxidizer and deposited onto the graphene oxide nanosheets, which were prepared by improved Hummers, through recrystallization, neutralization and solvent-nonsolvent methods, respectively. The samples were characterized by XRD, FESEM and TG-DTA for phase analysis, microstructure analysis and thermal analysis. The main research results showed that KNO3 could be successfully loaded onto graphene oxide through the three methods, and the sample prepared through recrystallization method had the maximum loading amount of KNO3, and the heat release in the solid-solid phase reaction was quick and complete while the sample prepared through solvent-nonsolvent method had the maximum cumulative heat release.
Keywords Graphene oxide KNO3 Energetic materials Crystallizations Heat release
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 氧化石墨烯概述 1
1.2 氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料研究概述 2
1.2.1 氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备方法 3
1.2.2 氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的分类 4
1.3 本论文的选题背景和主要研究内容 5
1.3.1 论文的选题背景 5
1.3.2 论文的主要研究内容 5
2 材料的制备 6
2.1 氧化石墨烯的制备 6
2.1.1 实验材料 6
2.1.2 实验仪器 6
2.1.3 实验方法 6
2.2 KNO3/氧化石墨烯纳米复合含能材料的制备 8
2.2.1 实验材料 8
2.2.2 实验仪器 9
2.2.3实验方法 9
3 材料的表征 12
3.1 氧化石墨烯的表征 12
3.1.1 XRD分析 12
3.1.2 IR分析 12
3.1.3 FESEM分析 13
3.1.4 TG-DTA分析 14
3.2 KNO3/氧化石墨烯复合含能材料的表征 15 KNO3/氧化石墨烯纳米含能材料的制备与表征:http://www.751com.cn/huaxue/lunwen_11474.html