摘 要:上海市地处长江三角洲的东缘,太湖流域的下游,往东靠近东海,往南临近杭州湾,往北依着长江口,往西靠近江苏省、浙江省。现在上海地区水资源总量为9467.17亿m³。因为上海市的过境水资源异常丰富,本地水资源又极其匮乏,决定了水资源在上海的经济和社会发展中占据十分重要的地位。加之上海城市社会经济的高速发展,于是也对水资源的可持续利用,提出了更高的要求。本文基于可持续发展的思想,以上海市水资源作为研究对象,介绍了上海市水资源现状。并通过对上海市供水量和需水量进行预测,再对供需平衡进行分析。最后针对研究结果对上海市水资源可持续利用提出相应的对策建议。54531
毕业论文关键词:上海市,水资源,可持续利用,供需平衡,对策
Abstract: Shanghai is located in the eastern margin of the Yangtze River Delta, Taihu Lake basin downstream, east of China Sea, south of Hangzhou Bay, north of the Yangtze River estuary, west of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. According to statistics, the total water resource in Shanghai is 946.717 billion cubic meters. Transit rich in water resources, poor local water resources and water resources determine the transit of water occupies a very important position in the economic and social development in Shanghai. Coupled with the rapid development of Shanghai urban society and economy, sustainable use of water resources has put forward higher requirements. This paper is based on the concept of sustainable development and takes the water resources of Shanghai as research objects. This paper introduces the present situation of water resources in Shanghai. And through the forecast of Shanghai water supply and demand, to analyze the balance between supply and demand. Finally, this based on results of the research, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures of sustainable utilization of water resources in Shanghai.
Keywords: Shanghai, water resources, sustainable use, supply and demand balance, Countermeasures
目 录
1 引言 4
2 水资源可持续利用理论 4
2.1 水资源可持续利用含义 4
2.2 水资源可持续利用理论基础 5
3 上海市水资源概况 6
3.1 自然地理概况 6
3.2 降水量 6
3.3 水资源数量 7
3.4 水体水质 7
4 上海市水资源供需平衡分析 10
4.1 需水量预测 10
4.2 供水量预测 11
4.3 供需平衡分析 12
5 上海市水资源可持续利用的对策措施 13
5.1 建立法律法规,强化护水意识 13
5.2 对工商业采用不同的水价机制 13
5.3 提升污水处理厂治水能力 14
结语 15
参考文献 16
致谢 17
1 引言
水是关系到人类生存和社会发展的基本物质条件,尤其水资源量是一定的,不能用其他资源来代替它的存在的,这也是对社会发展的各方面的可持续发展奠定了基础。这些年,由于城市的发展,工商业对自然资源的需求量越来越高,因此各种对自然资源尤其是水资源的滥用情况日益恶劣。也导致一系列的环境问题,突出的环境问题同时也给人类带来了越来越多的自然灾害。水环境也因此遭到严重的破坏,又因为本身水资源短缺,人们对其不合理开发利用,导致全球面临缺水危机,同时束缚甚至危害到人们的生存发展。于是,珍惜节约水资源是当代人类的必修课[1]。