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摘要中空核壳纳米粒子因具有独特的核@腔@壳结构，使其在纳米反应器领域中的应用备受关注。本论文考察了零价铁@二氧化硅(Fe0@SiO2)中空核壳纳米粒子作为Fenton催化纳米反应器对水中酚类污染物的降解性能。利用连续双溶剂浸渍-还原的方法将Fe0颗粒引入到预先制备好的中空SiO2小球中，形成了Fe0@SiO2中空核壳纳米粒子。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和氮气吸附脱附仪对Fe0@SiO2核壳纳米粒子的有序度、组成，外部形貌，内部结构，比表面积及孔径进行表征。讨论了不同反应条件对苯酚催化降解的影响。结果显示，中空核壳纳米粒子具有高度分散的零价铁内核、有序且贯通的介孔孔壁，具有保护功能的外壳，铁核和外壁之间的中空空腔等结构特点。Fe0@SiO2中空核壳纳米反应器的结构增强效应使其对苯酚及对氯酚都表现出良好的催化降解性能。高效液相色谱和离子色谱证实了中间产物的存在和脱氯行为的发生。19161
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关键词： 中空核壳纳米粒子；纳米反应器；苯酚；催化降解；中间产物；脱氯
毕业论文设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Synthesis of Fe0@SiO2 Yolk-Shell Nanoreactors and Its Performance Study
Abstract
Yolk-shell nanoparticles (YSNs) have considerable attention in the application of nanoreactors, which may be contributed to the unique structure of core@cavity@shell. To present the catalytic performance of Fe0@SiO2, Fenton-like catalytic oxidation of phenolic pollutants was chosen as the model catalysis reaction. Fe0@SiO2 were prepared via a sequential “two solvents” impregnation-reduction approach. The as-synthesized Fe0@SiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N2 adsorption/desorption. The results indicated that Fe0@SiO2 possess distinctive structures, including active cores, ordered mesoporous channels, protective shells and hollow cavity. The YSNs show outstanding catalytic performance for degradation of phenol and chrolophenol, which may be contributed to the structure-enhanced effect of nanoreactors. High-performance-liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Ion chromatography demonstrate the existence of intermediate product and behavior of dechlorination.
Keywords: Yolk-shell nanoparticles, nanoreactor, phenol, catalysis and degradation, intermediate product, dechlorination
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 中空核壳纳米粒子的研究现状 1
1.2 中空核壳纳米粒子的制备方法 1
1.2.1 选择性刻蚀 1
1.2.2 从内而外的软模板组装 2
1.2.3 瓶中造船 2
1.2.4 奥斯特瓦尔德熟化法 2
1.2.5 电置换法 2
1.2.6 肯达尔扩散法 3
1.3 中空核壳纳米粒子的应用 3
1.3.1 纳米反应器 3
1.3.2 药物传递工具 4
1.3.3 锂电池电极 4
1.4 铁基中空核壳纳米粒子 5
1.5 酚类污染物简介 5
1.6 酚类污染物的一般处理方法 6
1.7 本课题研究的意义及主要研究内容 6