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摘要荧光碳点作为碳纳米家族中的一份子，与其他传统荧光纳米颗粒相比，碳点具有激发波长和发射波长可调控、荧光性能稳定，耐盐性及耐光漂白等荧光性能，从而吸引了相关工作者极大的关注。此外，碳点还具有良好的生物相容性、毒性低、粒径小（<10nm）、分子量小等特点，可以应用于生物标记和生物成像等领域。目前虽然已经大量地报道了有关碳点的制备方法和相关应用，但最主要的缺点是荧光量子产率较低，后处理操作繁琐，分离困难。因此寻找高效简洁的合成方法来制备高荧光量子产率的碳点显得尤为重要。22394
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本文的主要研究工作有：利用水热法一步制备荧光碳点，对所制备的碳点溶液进行后处理，再通过测试手段进行表征。试验发现，荧光碳点具有很好的光稳定性，耐盐性，对溶液的pH值具有依赖性。关键词：荧光碳点 乳糖 水热法
毕业论文设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title The preparation and performance of fluorescent
carbon dots
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) as a part of the family of carbon nanomaterial, They have attracted intensive interest compared with traditional fluorescent nanoparticles. CDs possess excellent fluorescence performance of tunable excitation and emission wavelength, high photostability Salt resistance and against photobleaching, In addition, CDs are biocompatible, low toxicity, small in size and low in molecular weight, with which they can be applied in areas such as biolabeling and bioimaging. Although developments in the preparation and related applications of CDs are reported often, the main drawback is the relatively low quantum yield (QYs). Post-processing operation trival, and separation is difficult. The more efficient synthesis and modification methods are urgently required to prepare the fluorescent CDs with high QYs.
The main research works on this thesis are as follows: Using hydrothermal method to prepare the CDs, reprocessing the prepared solution of CDs, then Detecting the structure of CDs through the test methods. Study found that, CD has good photostability, salt resistance, has a dependent on the pH of the solution.
Keywords : Fluorescent carbon dots, lactose , hydrothermal synthesis
目录 I
第一章 引言 1
1.1 荧光碳点简介 1
1.1.1 荧光碳点的性质 1
1.1.2 碳点的制备方法 2
1.1.2.1 从上到下的合成方法 2
1.1.2.2 从下到上的合成方法 4
1.2 碳点的应用 5
1.3 本课题的研究意义及主要工作内容 5
1.3.1 本课题的研究意义 5
1.3.2 本文主要工作内容 6
第二章 荧光碳点的制备及表征 6
2.1 引言 6
2.2 实验试剂与仪器 7
2.3 实验过程 9
2.3.1 荧光碳点的制备方法 9
2.3.2 制备不同反应条件下的碳点 9
2.4 荧光碳点的性能研究 9
2.4.1 不同反应条件对荧光性质的影响 9
2.4.2 荧光性质的影响因素 14
2.5 碳点的表征 18
2.5.1 傅立叶变换红外光谱 18
2.5.2 紫外可见吸收光谱 18