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摘要：离子交换膜的电化学性能经过数年研究与发展已得到极大提高，某些性能几乎达到了极限。当前，相关特种分离领域如海水浓缩制盐、冶金工业中废酸的回收、重金属离子的分离纯化以及去除电渗析过程导致膜结垢的二价态阳离子等都要求离子交换膜能够选择性地分离不同价态阳离子。针对此种需求，国外已展开系列研究，但国内还鲜有报道。
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本课题是在CHI600D电化学工作站环境中用四电极体系循环伏安法，对阳离子交换膜支撑液/液界面下的离子电荷选择性转移的研究。首先对实验所用的Nafion阳离子交换膜进行了结构表征，经表征显示其为无孔膜。具体对电荷选择性的研究从TEA+阳离子和ClO4-阴离子两种离子进行研究实验，实验结果表明TEA+阳离子可以透过，而ClO4-阴离子不能透过膜，从而初步证明了Nafion阳离子交换膜对阳离子具有选择性。本课题仅是一个开始，日后可根据对其他不同离子选择性的研究来发挥该膜更多的实用性。5439
关键词：Nafion膜；离子交换膜；循环伏安法
Study on the liquid / liquid interface selective ion transfer reaction support a cation exchange membrane.
Abstract：Electrochemical properties of ion exchange membranes after several years of research and development has been greatly improved, some performance almost reached the limit.Currently, the relevant specialty areas, such as separation of concentrated salt water , metallurgical industry waste acid recovery, separation and purification of heavy metal ions and removing electrodialysis membrane fouling process leads palent cations and so requires states to selectively ion- exchange membrane separation different valence cations.For such needs, which has launched series of studies abroad , but the country has rarely been reported.
This subject uses the CHI600D electrochemical workstation environment with four-electrode system by cyclic voltammetry, cation-exchange membranes supported liquid/liquid interface research of selective ion charge transfer.First experiment , Nafion cation exchange membrane used for the characterization , the characterization show that it is non-porous membranes.Specific studies of the charge selectivity from TEA + cations and anions ClO4- research experiments conducted two ions ,the results show that the TEA + cations through , and ClO4- anion impermeable membrane , which initially proved Nafion cation exchange membrane cation selective .This topic is only the beginning , the future can be different according to other studies to play an ion-selective membrane more of the practicality.
Key words:Nafion film；Ion-exchange membrane；Cyclic voltammetry
目录
1 绪论 5
1.1 选题研究目的和意义 5
1.2 选题研究现状及发展趋势 5
1.2.1 膜材料简介与发展趋势 5
1.2.2 液/液界面电化学的最新进展 7
1.2.3 液液界面电化学的意义及发展现状 7
2 实验部分 9
2.1 实验仪器和试剂 9
2.1.1 仪器 9
2.1.2 试剂 9
2.1.3 试剂的配置 9
2.2 实验原理 10
2.2.1 液/液界面的结构及模型 10
2.2.2 电极体系介绍 13
2.2.3 膜的性质 14
2.3 实验内容 15
2.3.1 实验仪器及装置图 15
2.3.2 Nafion膜的外貌及表征 16
2.3.3 膜的前处理/剪裁黏贴 17
2.3.5 条件摸索 18
2.3.6 离子的电荷选择性转移研究 18
3 结果与讨论 18
3.1 实验结果的分析与讨论 18