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摘要：随着我国经济的飞速发展，人民的生活水平和质量也在不断的提高，大家对养老问题越来越重视，希望在退休后能享受养老待遇，“老有所养”成为全社会人民的共同心声。然而，随着我国开始步入老龄化社会，我国养老保险制度改革的不断深化，，养老金制度在运行过程中产生的问题和矛盾也日益显现。其中，养老金缺口问题首当其冲。养老金缺口的形成，造成退休的老年人的基本生活得不到有力保障，同时也严重影响了我国养老保险制度的健康发展。本文通过对养老金制度、养老金缺口等进行概述，阐明养老金制度现状和养老金缺口规模，对养老金缺口的成因进行分析，得出我国养老金缺口是由养老金体制转制成本、人口老龄化、养老保险制度缺陷等综合作用导致的。针对上述影响因素，提出如下解决养老金缺口问题的对策：建立公平公正统一的养老保险制度,多途径解决转制成本，实行弹性退休制度,完善养老金的监管，创新提出通过以房养老和养老金入市来解决养老金出现的缺口。37029
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毕业论文关键词：养老金制度 养老金缺口 人口老龄化 转制成本 以房养老 养老金入市
Analysis on Reasons and Countermeasures of Pension Shortfalls in China
Abstract: With the rapid development of China's economy, people's living standards and quality has been improved. People pay more attention on pension issues, hoping to enjoy pension benefits after their retirement. common people are more aware of security However, with the reform of the pension system deepen, China has started to enter the aging society. Problems and contradictions have generated. Among them, the pension gap problem is the most serious. Pension gap has result in basic living of elderly who retired,leading their life without guarantee. Pension gap also seriously affect the development of China's pension insurance system. Based on the pension system, the pension gap, etc, the status pension system and the size of pension gap are explained.The thesis is going to analysis the causes of the pension gap.The pension shortfall is resulted by reform costs, aging and the flaw of the pension insurance system .From these factors, we propose the following measures to solve the pension gap: the establishment of a fair and impartial unified pension system, many ways to solve the restructuring costs, the implementation of flexible retirement system, improve the regulatory pensions, the housing endowment and pension market .
Key Words：Pension System Pension gap Aging Restructuring costs
Housing Endowment Pension market
目 录
一、文献回顾 - 1 -
（一）国外文献回顾 - 1 -
（二）国内文献回顾 - 2 -
二、我国的养老金制度 - 3 -
（一）我国养老金制度的概念及相关论述 - 3 -
（二）我国养老金制度的历史发展 - 4 -
三、我国社会养老金的缺口 - 4 -
（一）养老金缺口的定义 - 5 -
（二）我国社会养老金缺口现状 - 5 -
（三）我国养老金缺口的影响 - 6 -
四、我国社会养老金缺口的成因分析 - 6 -
（一）养老金转制成本是直接原因 - 7 -
（二）人口老龄化是外部原因 - 7 -
（三）养老保险制度缺陷是内因 - 9 -
五、解决我国社会养老金缺口的对策 - 11 -
（一）建立公平公正统一的养老保险制度 - 11 -
（二）多途径解决转制成本 - 12 -