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摘 要 自1978年以来,我国的中小企业如雨后春笋般迅速成长,在整个社会的发展过程中发挥着越来越多的作用。中小企业在创新生产技术,吸纳就业人口,进口和出口贸易,经济发展等诸多方面起到了举足轻重的作用。李志斌,中小型企业中国协会主席说,到2014年底,我国已大约有1000万的中小企业在工商部门注册。目前,我国的中小企业占企业总数的99%以上,给我国GDP做出的贡献大约有50%,对进出口贸易额贡献了近70%,城镇就业岗位中有80%是中小企业提供,新产品开发也占了82%。但是,在我国目前的金融体系中,中小企业"融资难,融资贵"问题依然是一个巨大的考验。今天,在中国经济的发展过程中,当前的金融体系依然存在着以下几个问题:1,融资的巨大需求,资金成本太高。2,资金成本低的配置不合理,融资难,成本高。3,金融市场监管导致资金需求,风险溢价上升的过度放大。4,金融市场体系不健全,不合理,小型和中型企业的融资方式单一,融资渠道狭窄。我们现在需要解决的是如何在现有的金融体系,符合我国的现状相结合,从综合考虑了企业,银行,政府,建立小型和中各种多层次融资体系的三个方面大中型企业,以改善中小企业的融资困境。10607
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关键词：金融体制； 中小企业； 融资困境
Abstract
Since the 1978 reform and opening up, China's small and medium-sized enterprises such as bamboo shoots after a spring rain like rapid development, is playing an increasingly important role in the whole social economic life. Small and medium-sized enterprises in product innovation, absorbing employment, import and export trade, plays an important role to push economic development etc.. President of Chinese SME Association Li Zibin said that by the end of 2014, Chinese registered in the business sector of small and medium-sized enterprises has reached 10 million 230 thousand. At present, small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for more than 99% of the total number of enterprises in China, the contribution to China's GDP more than 60% of the contribution of more than 50% of the tax provides nearly 70% of the import and export trade, create 80% of urban jobs and 82% of new product development. However, in our current financial system, financing of small and medium sized enterprises, financing of the problem is still grim. China in today's rapid economic development, there are some problems of China's current financial system: 1, the huge financing needs, the cost of capital is too high. 2, funds are not reasonable allocation and low profit, invalid makes SME financing more difficult, higher cost. 3, the regulation of financial markets lead to excessive demand amplification, the risk premium rises. 4, the financial market system is not perfect, not reasonable, small and medium-sized enterprise financing is single, narrow channels of financing. We now need to address is how in the existing financial system, combined with the present conditions of our country, from the comprehensive consideration of three aspects of enterprise, bank and government, the establishment of various multi-level financing system of small and medium-sized enterprises, to improve the small and medium-sized enterprise financing, financing your predicament.
Key words: Financial system; SMEs; financing difficulties
目 录
摘 要Ⅰ
AbstractⅡ
一、以制度环境角度分析融资难、融资贵1
㈠ 我国的金融机构体系构成1
㈡ 我国金融体系的发展过程1
㈢ 我国当前的投融资体制2
㈣ 我国当前的金融政策3
二、制度导致的融资难、融资贵问题探究4
㈠ 中小企业融资的相关概念4
㈡ 中小企业的融资现状5
㈢ 中小企业融资难、融资贵的原因分析10