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摘要随着时代的飞速发展，伴随着经济的迅猛增长，城市建设格局的发展显得格外的突出，各地市区中心地带及郊区地带的地价都日益增长，人口的增长亦对城市土地的空间利用率的要求不断增大，有向高空发展，有向地下发展，城市楼层是越来越高，相应的基坑开挖也是越来越深，并应开发商及消费者人群的需求，基坑开挖的面积也是逐渐增大，深度和面积的变化使得在土方开挖和基坑支护选型上的难度不断增大。这些原因都促使着基坑监测的地位愈来愈高，为保证基坑开挖及支护方案的具体操作的安全性，监测人员必须要有严格的监测手段。现今在中国的许多沿海省份、城市经济发展格外迅速，人口密度不断增大，深基坑工程的发展就显得格外的重要，最深的开挖深度已达到20多米，然而在同一个地区由于各种原因使得地下地质条件都有很大的区别，用途的不同使得荷载条件也大不相同，加之复杂的施工环境，仅仅利用地质勘查报告和一些相应的土工实验参数，我们不能准确的进行支护方案的设计，必须要求设计人员进行实地勘察加上不断地设计计算才能的设计初步方案。然而当遇到一些大型的工程设计时，工程周边环境的复杂及较长的工期使得设计方案往往需要有变更的可能，为减少工程中的施工偏差，针对基坑开挖过程中的土体变形和对周边建筑物、地下基础设施的影响，监测单位的监测工作变得分外重要。当前，基坑监测已被列为深基坑工程质量保证的三大重要基本要素之一。39869
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毕业论文关键词：深基坑；基坑监测；时效性；位移；沉降
Abstract With the rapid development of era, with the rapid growth of economy, the development of city construction pattern is particularly outstanding, around the city center and suburban area of land prices are increasing, the growth of population has increased to the requirement of the space of the urban land utilization, has the high development, with development, to the underground city floor is more and more high, the corresponding is also more and more deep foundation pit excavation, and should be a developer and the demand of the consumers, the area of the foundation pit excavation is also gradually increase, the depth and area of changes made in earthwork excavation and foundation pit supporting selection of increasing difficulty. These reasons are prompted with the status of the foundation pit monitoring becomes more and more high, in order to ensure the safety of the excavation and support scheme of concrete operation, monitoring personnel must have the strict monitoring methods. Nowadays in many of China's coastal provinces and cities exceptionally rapid economic development, population density increasing, the development of deep foundation pit engineering is especially important, the deepest excavation depth has reached more than 20 meters, but due to various reasons make the underground geological conditions in the same area have very big difference, USES the different load conditions are also quite different, and the complex construction environment, only by using geological exploration report and some corresponding geotechnical experimental parameters, we can't accurately for the design of supporting schemes, must request the designers to field investigation combined with constantly design calculation to the design of the preliminary scheme. However when encounter some large engineering design, project peripheral environment of complex and long period makes design often need to have the possibility of change, in order to reduce the engineering construction deviation, according to soil deformation in the process of excavation and influence on surrounding buildings, underground infrastructure, monitoring unit of the monitoring work is particularly important. At present, the foundation pit monitoring has been listed as a deep foundation pit engineering one of the three important basic elements of quality guarantee.
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