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摘要城市化不断推进使得居民小区大量出现，居住规模日益扩大使得用电规模相应增加。居民对电能质量的要求不断提升，老式电能表功能单一且计量精度低，普通的人工抄表方式效率低下。随着当代信息技术和计算机科学的发展，目前居民电能表以高集成度的电子式电能表为主，抄表方式采用手持抄表器或远距离有线、无线抄表的方式。电能计费也也由单一计费转变为峰谷分时计费、阶梯式计费等新标准。 本文介绍了电能表的发展历程，对电能计量、采集技术进行了分析，同时以一个千人小区用户为例，结合现代电能表设计要求，设计了一款低成本、高精度的家用单相智能电表，可实现用电量及电费查询，支持多种计费方式切换，结合手抄表实现数据红外传输，以 RS485 总线与集中器进行通讯，结合上位机实现方便的数据管理。提供实时时钟、数据备份、友好的人机交互界面，支持用户个性化功能设置。 本文的主要研究内容包括： （1）分析了目前的电能计量和数据处理方式，结合市场的需求和实际的使用情况，确定系统总体结构。 （2）结合系统性能及成本要求，介绍主要硬件工作原理，论证硬件选择的科学性，根据芯片要求设计外围电路。 （3）结合硬件结构及功能需求阐述软件思路及实现方法。 实际测试中，所设计的电能表计量精度达到 2.0 级要求，满足居民家用要求。 28627
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毕业论文关键词：STC89C52RC 智能电表 RS485 红外通信 自动抄表
Title Design of Residential Meter Reading System---- Monitoring Program for Household Smart Meter
Abstract Communities are getting larger due to continuous urbanization, which greatly increases the consumption of electricity. Energy of high quality is demanded while early power meter lacks various functions and is of low accuracy. Manual meter reading is inefficient. With the development of modern information technology and computer technology, nowadays household power meters are highly integrated electronic meters. Meter reading is mostly based on handheld reading meter or remote wired/wireless meter reading. Energy measurement ways are switching from single charging standard to various new standards including time-sharing measurement. The development of the power meter is introduced. A low cost smart power meter of high accuracy for residential use which meets the requirement of modern power meter is designed. It realizes inquiry of electricity consumption, various charging standards, meter reading by infrared communication and RS485. Data management can be done by PC connected with concentrators. It also provides real-time clock, data backup and user-friendly interface. Personalized setup is also supported. This paper mainly discusses: (1) Popular methods of energy measurements and data processing. (2) The hardware used and the reason they are chosen. (3) The program is based on the system structure and function. The smart meter meets the accuracy level of 2.0 and can be used for household appliance.
Keywords:STC89C52RC, smart meter, RS485, infrared communication, auto meter reading
目次
1绪论.1
1.1课题背景.1
1.2电能监测发展及研究现状..1
1.3研究内容与设计要求2
2系统原理及总体结构..4
2.1电能表基本原理.4
2.2系统结构及电能表构成分析6
2.3硬件方案确定8
2.4软件方案确定8
2.5本章小结.9
3电能采集计量单元设计..10
3.1供电电路设计..10
3.2ADE7755电能计量芯片简介10
3.3ADE7755与单片机接口设计11
3.4本章小结15
4数据通信与存储单元设计16
4.1RS485数据传输.16
4.2红外通信18
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