抗战初期日军空袭南京战略之嬗变研究

摘要：淞沪会战开始后，日本海军航空队公然违反国际法，对南京实施了无差别轰炸。在这一期间，日军多次转变空袭战略。最初因低估中国空军抗战斗志及南京防空设施，损失惨重，遂将战略从白昼低空轰炸变为夜间高空，拉开无差别轰炸序幕。待陆地机场得到确保后，海军航空部队大集团投入，为夺取制空权而采用昼夜密集轰炸战略，这一期间主要表现为更大规模的无差别轰炸。获取制空权后，海军航空队在协助陆军攻占南京的过程中采用的空袭战略便表现出更多的任意性，且着重为轰炸交通运输线路及工具。尽管日军空袭嬗变原因及表现各不相同，但目的皆为通过摧毁国民政府统治机关、瓦解中国人民意志以达到速战速决。55047

毕业论文关键字：抗战初期，海军航空队，空袭，南京，战略

Abstract：After the Battle of Shanghai, the Japanese Navy Air Force did indiscriminate bombing to Nanjing, violating the international law ruthlessly. During this period, the Japanese troops made many changes in the strategy of their air raid. At the beginning, due to underestimation of the strong determination of Chinese Air Force against the Japanese troops along with the air defense facilities in Nanjing, they suffered heavy losses. Afterwards they altered the strategy from low altitude strafe in the daytime into aerial bombing at night, which marked the beginning of their indiscriminate bombing. After their terrestrial airport was established, the Japanese Navy Air Force took action frequently in large group, using the day and night bombing strategy incentively to control the air territory, and during this time, it was mainly a larger indiscriminate bombing. After obtaining air territory, in order to assist the land force to get the capture of Nanjing, the air strike strategies of the Japanese Navy Air showed more arbitrariness, laying the emphasis on the bombing of transportation lines and tools. Although why Japanese air raid change a lot and their manifestations were different, the purpose was to destroy the power of Kuomintang government and the will of Chinese people and could therefor win a quick battle.

Keywords: beginning period of Sino-Japanese War, Navy Air Force air ,strikes, Nanjing, strategy.

前言 4

一、抗战初期日军空袭南京背景 6

二、日机空袭南京战略之嬗变 7

（一）夜间高空轰炸——无差别轰炸序幕 7

1、白昼低空轰炸转变为夜间高空轰炸 7

2、空袭性质:违反国际法的无差别轰炸行为 9

3、第一时期停止空袭原因 11

（二）昼夜密集轰炸——大规模的无差别轰炸 12

1、密集轰炸，夺取制空权 12

2、更大规模的无差别轰炸 14

3、终止空袭南京原因 15

（三）协助陆军攻略南京——消磨战术的实施 16

1、消磨战术的实施 16

2、对于交通运输设施的无差别轰炸 16

3、任意轰炸的最终确认 17

结语 19

参考文献 20

致谢 21

前言

1、选题意义

淞沪会战开始后，日本海军航空队公然违反国际法，对南京实施了无差别轰炸，南京市遭受巨大破坏。日本海军航空队对南京的空袭是南京大屠杀的前奏，是南京大屠杀不同表现方式的预演。战后六十年，日本政府对待战争性质和战争责任问题上，处于含糊躲闪态度。随着日本国内右翼势力又不断壮大，这些人利用笔墨阴谋欲图抹煞侵华历史。故南京大屠杀前夕日军对时为首都南京的无差别轰炸乃是日本侵华历史的有力证据之一。但是，目前史学界关于抗战初期日本海军航空队空袭南京战略之嬗变尚缺乏深入的研究。抗战初期日军空袭南京战略之嬗变研究:http://www.751com.cn/wenxue/lunwen_59307.html