摘要:金银纳米线以其独特的光学性质和电学性质,在光学、电学、磁学等有着不可忽视的潜力。关于纳米线焊接的一种新的可能性已经用实验证明: 在环境温度下,不需要额外的热量或者低压的焊接称为冷焊。利用分子动力学有效势,我们提出在300 K温度下,用直径为4.3纳米的金银纳米线模拟冷焊接。我们展示了在冷焊接金属纳米线的可能过程,这些纳米线在断裂失去其结晶结构后,可以在焊接过程中可以重建他们的面心立方结构,同时冷焊接后的纳米线缺陷极少。冷焊是纳米级的样本尺寸和机械辅助下表面原子快速扩散的结果。我们还研究了用不同金属焊接在一起的演化过程,研究结果发现银-金纳米线的焊接品质(耐破裂)也是不错的。66128
毕业论文关键词:金银纳米线, 冷焊接,分子动力学,应力张量,嵌入原子方法
Abstract: Gold and sliver nanowires have unique optical and electrical properties which can be applied potentically in the fields of optics,electronics,magnetics,biosensors and so on. Recently a new possibility of welding was experimentally shown in the case of gold nanorods at ambient temperatures, without need of additional heat and with low pressures, which is called cold welding. We present the simulated cold welding of gold, silver, and silver gold nanowires with diameters of 4.3 nm at 300 K by using molecular dynamics with effective potentials. We show that cold welding is a possible process in metal nanowires and these welded nanowires can reconstruct their face-centered cubic structure during the welding process with the very few defects which losing their crystalline structure after breaking. It is showed that cold welding is the result of nanoscale sample dimensions and mechanically assisted fast surface-atom diffusion. We also showed that the process of different metals welded together and the quality of the welding (resistance to rupture) of Ag and Au nanowires is also good.
Key words:Gold and silver nanowires, cold welding, molecular dynamics,stress tensor
目 录
1 引言 3
2 模型 4
2.1 嵌入原子模型 4
3 计算方法 5
3.1 应力张量演化计算法 5
4 实验结果 6
5 讨论 8
5.1 金金纳米线冷焊接 8
5.2 银银纳米线的冷焊接 9
5.3 银金纳米线的冷焊接 10
5.4 银金纳米线的断裂 12
结 论 13
参 考 文 献 14
致 谢 16
1 引言
金属材料(如金、银等)具有优良的物理和化学性能,在信息技术、能源、催化和航空航天等领域获得了广泛的应用。当利用纳米技术将宏观尺度的金属材料细分至纳米量级尺寸时(一般小于100 nm),会在光学、电学、磁学和催化等性能上表现出与原先宏观材料的巨大差异。
图1.1 各种形貌的金属纳米颗粒
图1.1给出了一些典型的具有不同形貌的金银纳米颗粒的电镜照片,有棒状(图1.1a)、三角形(图1.1b)、立方体形(图1.1c)、八面体形(图1.1d)、十面体(图1.1i)及星形(图1.1j)等。其中研究最为广泛和最具应用潜力的当属金纳米线。首先,相对于其它贵金属材料,金具有更好的化学稳定性;其次,金纳米线合成方法简单、可控性好且产率高达97%以上;再者,通过简单控制实验参数可以实现金纳米线长宽比的调控,从而使金纳米线的局域表面等离激元共振峰可以在可见到近红外光谱范围内随意可调;最后,金纳米线具有显著的各项异性光学特性 。论文网 金银纳米线冷焊接的分子动力学研究:http://www.751com.cn/wuli/lunwen_73912.html