摘要21世纪,随着经济的快速增长,化石能源造成的环境问题日趋严重。在保护环境的基础上能提升经济的增长速率是目前主要面临的问题。现代社会使用最多的能源是电能,它属于二次能源,是由化石能源燃烧得到的。这种发电方式是世界上主要的发电形式。但是这种发电方式会直接造成严重的环境问题,所以各国大力发展可再生能源。作为可再生能源的风力发电,能够多次开发利用,节能环保无污染,成为电力系统中增长速度最快的可再生资源,也因此其在世界范围内得到了广泛利用。随着技术改革和风力发电机组单机容量的逐步扩大,风力发电系统也在逐步改良从分布式能源发展成为现在的大规模集中式风电场发展。大规模风电场从传统的分布式的变革也带来了很多缺点,带来的主要问题是当电场因为需要或者故障等原因给要被切断时,风力发电组在电网电压跌落的瞬间能够保持并网运行几乎是不可能的。所以为了解决在这种特殊情况下出现的问题要求其一定要具有低电压运行能力。46508
风能的随机波动性很大,这使得在现有技术下,对风力发电及其接入电网的控制难上加难。双馈电机打破了传统交流机能量转变的局限,其定子可直接与电网相接,转子通过将直流变为交流与电网相接,两者都可与电网进行能量交换。这样就实现能量从定子或者转子到电网的两个通道流动。而变速恒频双馈发电机(Doubly Fed Induction Generator, DFIG)具有可靠性强、变速恒频发电、低电压穿越期间具有比普通双馈风电机组更好的无功支持能力特性,这些性能使得它成为主流风电机。
本文主要围绕着双馈型风力发电并网系统在发生故障时对低电压穿越能力的研究。首先介绍风力发电机的发展现状,其中并网系统电压稳定性和控制措施的研究十分重要。以及对双馈风电机组的了解和低电压穿越研究。研究了双馈型感应风电系统的结构,原理和模型的构建。本文在MATLAB中的PAST进行仿真,选取的系统是WSCC 3机9节点系统,它位于美国西部。本文对风电系统在电网被切断时的低电压运行特性做出了更深入的研究。研究了不同无功补偿元件对双馈型风电机组在发生故障时的LVRT的影响强弱,还有故障极限切除时间。研究表明,SVC、STATCOM、UPFC三种动态无功补偿装置,都对电网系统低电压能力有所提升。SVC的补偿能力强于其他两种。
毕业论文关键词:双馈型风电机组,低电压穿越,DFIG,无功补偿,SVC.
Abstract
In 21th Century, with development of economic, the environmental problems caused by fossil energy has become more and more serious.Countries in the world are concerned with the growth of the economy which could be promoted on the basis of environmental protection. As the first energy consumption, electric energy, is one of the secondhand energy. It is not directly obtained from the nature but the other forms of energy through the burning.This power generation method is the main method in the world.However this method will directly cause serious environmental problems, so the countries in the world vigorously develop renewable energy sources.Wind power is the fastest growing energy in the power system with the advantages of large capacity, clean and so on,in the development of renewable energy.And it could be popularized in the world. Along with the improvement of the capacity of wind power generating units and the development of control technology, wind power system is also developed from distributed energy sources to large scale wind farms. It is a big problem to keep the wind turbine in the grid voltage when large scale wind farm is cut off because of the need or fault. In order to keep the wind power generator in the grid voltage transient drop can be maintained in the grid, the power grid safety operation guidelines require wind turbine has a certain low voltage operating capacity. 双馈型风电场并网系统低电压穿越能力的研究:http://www.751com.cn/zidonghua/lunwen_48229.html