摘要：甲醇是一种无色、透明、有毒、易燃的液体，略带酒精。它是重要的有机化工原料和优质燃料。主要用于制造醋酸、甲醛、硫酸二甲酯等多种有机产品，也是医药、农药的重要原料之一。甲醇亦可代替汽油作为燃料使用。用作涂料、清漆、虫胶、油墨、胶黏剂等的溶剂。也是制造农药、医药、塑料、合成纤维及有机化工产品的原料。甲醇的生产主要是合成法，尚有少量从木材干馏作为副产回收。合成的化学反应式为：2H2+ CO→ CH3OH。合成甲醇可以固体（如煤、焦炭）液体（如原油）或气体（如天然气）为原料，经造气净化（脱硫）变换，除去二氧化碳，配制成一定的合成气（一氧化碳和氢）。在不同的催化剂存在下，选用不同的工艺条件。单产甲醇（分高压法低压和中压法），或与合成氨联产甲醇（联醇法）。将合成后的粗甲醇，经预精馏脱除甲醚，精馏而得成品甲醇。高压法为BASF最先实现工业合成的方法，但因其能耗大，加工复杂，材质要求苛刻，产品中副产物多，今后将由ICI低压和中压法及Lurgi低压和中压法取代。62201

毕业论文关键词：甲醇生产工艺；NHD脱硫脱碳；力控组态软件；PLC

Design of control system of methanol desulfurization and decarbonization section

Abstract: methanol is a colorless, transparent, toxic, flammable liquid, slightly alcohol taste. It is an important organic chemical raw materials and fuel quality. Mainly used in the manufacture of acetic acid, formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfate and other organic products, but also medicine, pesticides are one of the important raw materials. Methanol can be instead of gasoline as fuel use. Used as a paint, varnish, shellac, ink, adhesives and solvent. Also making pesticide, pharmaceuticals, plastics, synthetic fiber and organic chemical products raw materials. Production of methanol is mainly synthesized, there are still a small amount of from the destructive distillation of wood as a by-product recovery. Synthetic chemical reaction type: 2H2+ CO→ CH3OH. methanol synthesis of solid (such as coal, coke) liquid (such as oil) or gases (such as natural gas) as raw material, the gas purification (desulfurization)  transformation, remove carbon dioxide, formulated as a synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen). In different catalysts, choose different process conditions (high pressure low pressure and medium pressure method), or with synthetic ammonia coproducing methanol (alcohol). The synthetic crude methanol, the pre distillation ether, distillation and refined methanol. High pressure method for BASF is the first to achieve industrial synthesis method, but because of its high energy consumption, processing complex, material demanding product byproduct More things, in the future will be replaced by ICI low pressure and medium pressure method and Lurgi low pressure and medium pressure method.

Key words: methanol process; NHD desulfurization process; force-control configuration software

目录

1. 绪论 1

2. 甲醇生产工艺 2

2.1 甲醇介绍 2

2.1.1 甲醇性质 2

2.1.2 甲醇用途 2

2.1.3 甲醇生产工艺的发展 …2

2.1.4 甲醇生产原料 3

2.2 甲醇生产工艺流程 3

2.2.1 工艺流程 3

2.2.2 生产方法 5

2.3 工艺设计 7

2.3.1 设计的指导思想 7

2.3.2 设计的范围 …7

3. 脱硫脱碳工段控制系统设计 8

3.1 NHD溶剂简介 …8

3.2 NHD脱硫脱碳 …8

3.3 甲醇精馏工艺流程 …11

4. 力控组态软件的应用与PLC控制系统设计 …13

4.1 力控软件简介 …13

4.2 S7-200 PLC 13

4.2.1 S7-200 PLC的组成 …13

4.2.2 应用领域 15