摘要纯方位被动跟踪是无源定位跟踪技术的一个重要分支，它是一种利用目标的方位信息估计目标的运动参数，对目标实施定位跟踪的技术。被动传感器如无源雷达，本身并不发射电磁波，不易被敌方电子侦察系统探测到，从而具有抗干扰、抗反辐射导弹攻击等优势。文章首先介绍了多站纯方位跟踪的基本原理，建立了适合的混合坐标系，在此基础上总结了几种常用的线性、非线性滤波算法方法，并对其各自存在的优缺点以适用范围进行了归纳分析。最后通过数值仿真实验，对扩展卡尔曼滤波和不敏卡尔曼滤波两种典型的非线性滤波方法进行了分析比较。结果表明：在弱非线性条件下，两种算法的估计性能相当；对于强非线性系统，不敏卡尔曼滤波具有更好的估计性能，而扩展卡尔曼滤波不再适用。9229
关键词 纯方位 目标跟踪 非线性 扩展卡尔曼滤波 不敏卡尔曼滤波
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Multi-station bearings target tracking algorithm
Abstract
Bearings-only passive tracking is an important branch of passive location tracking technology, it is a target location information to estimate the target motion parameters, implemented on the target location and tracking technology. Passive sensors such as passive radar itself does not emit electromagnetic wave, is not easy to detect enemy electronic surveillance system, which has anti-jamming, anti-radiation missile attack advantage.The article first introduces the basic principles of multi-station bearing tracking, suitable mixed-coordinate system, based on the summary of several commonly used linear and nonlinear filtering algorithms, and their respective advantages and disadvantages ofthe scope of application of the inductive analysis. Extended Kalman Filter and Unscented Kalman filtering in two typical nonlinear filtering method are analyzed and compared by numerical simulation. The results showed that: in the weakly nonlinear conditions, the estimated performance of the two algorithms is quite Unscented Kalman Filter; strongly nonlinear systems, a better estimate of the performance, while the extended Kalman filter is no longer applicable.
Keywords bearings-only Target tracking non-liner Extended Kalman Filtering Unscented Kalman Filtering
目 次
1 引言 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 多站纯方位目标跟踪算法研究的基础及其现状 1
1.3 目标跟踪基本原理 3
1.4 论文结构安排 4
2 多站纯方位目标跟踪方法研究 4
2.1 数据预处理 4
2.2 多站纯方位目标跟踪的定位 6
2.3 目标跟踪模型 9
2.4 本章小结 12
3 多站纯方位目标跟踪的经典滤波算法 12
3.1 被动定位问题中的系统模型 12
3.2 经典卡尔曼滤波(KF) 13
3.3 扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF) 15
3.4 不敏卡尔曼滤波(UKF) 17
3.4 粒子滤波（PF） 20
3.5 本章小结 21
4 多站纯方位跟踪算法仿真 21
4.1 多站纯方位跟踪算法仿真流程 22
4.2 生成模拟航路 22
4.3 匀速直线运动 27
4.4 匀变速模型 34
4.5 本章小结 40
结 论 41
致 谢 43 多站纯方位目标跟踪算法研究+文献综述:http://www.751com.cn/zidonghua/lunwen_7870.html