摘要:随着现代化的发展,生活环境遭到了一定的负面影响,大气、水质都收到了严重的破坏,我们每日饮用的水质也称为了一个问题。水质的总硬度是指水中钙镁离子的总含量,生活饮用水的硬度过大或是过低都会对居民的日常生活与人体健康会造成一定的影响。因此,测量水质的硬度成为了水体质量的标准之一。本课题主要研究不同来源的水质的硬度以及用不同方法来测定水质硬度的结果的来进行讨论。实验中所用到的五种水源分别为自来水、去离子水(东)、去离子水(西)、工厂生产用水和食品工厂生产用水。采用了国家标准的方法EDTA法、自动电位滴定法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对五种不同来源的水样进行硬度的测定,并且对三种实验方法结果进行比较并讨论其优缺点。
关键词: 水质;硬度;EDTA法;自动电位法;电感耦合等离子体体发射光谱法8486
Determination of water hardness
Abstract: With the development of modernization, the living environment has been a certain negative impact. Atmosphere and water quality have been seriously damaged. Also the quality of our daily drinking water has become a problem. Total hardness of water quality refers to the total content of calcium and magnesium in water. If hardness of drinking water is too high or too low, the quality will effect on people's daily life and human health. Therefore, measuring the hardness of water has become one of the standards of water quality. This paper mainly studies the hardness of water in different sources and results to determine the hardness of water quality by different methods to discuss. Five types of water used in this paper are water, deionized water (East), deionized water (West), factory production water and food factory production water. I will use the method of national standard EDTA method, automatic potentiometric titration, and ICP-OES to measure the water hardness, and I will discuss the results of three experimental methods and compare their advantages and disadvantages.
Key words: Water quality, hardness, EDTA, automatic potentiometric method, ICP-OES
目录
1 绪论 1
1.1 硬度的概述 1
1.1.1 硬度的定义与分类 1
1.1.2 水的硬度引起的危害 2
1.2 不同地区的水质状况 2
1.3 不同方法测试水质硬度的简介 3
1.3.1 EDTA络合滴定法 3
1.3.2 电位滴定法 3
1.3.3 ICP-OES 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法 5
1.4 本文研究方向,重点与意义 6
2 实验部分 7
2.1 仪器、试剂与样品 7
2.1.1 实验试剂 7
2.1.2 实验仪器 7
2.1.3 试验用样品简介 7
2.2 EDTA滴定法测定钙和镁总量 8
2.2.1 缓冲溶液的配制(PH=10) 8
2.2.2 铬黑T指示剂的配制 8
2.2.3 EDTA-2Na标准溶液 8
2.2.4 EDTA-2Na滴定法测定水样 9
2.3 自动电位滴定法法测定钙和镁总量 9
2.3.1 滴定终点的寻找 9
2.3.2 自动电位滴定法测定水样 9
2.4 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钙和镁总量 10
2.4.1 标准曲线的配制 10
2.4.2 样品的前处理 10
2.4.3 样品与标准曲线的的测定 10
3 结果与讨论 12
3.1 EDTA-2Na法测定不同水质的钙和镁总量 12
3.1.1 EDTA-2Na标准溶液的标定 12
3.1.2 络合滴定法滴定样品 12 水质硬度的测定+文献综述:http://www.751com.cn/huaxue/lunwen_6686.html