摘要火炮在发射过程中产生强大的冲击波和噪声。 炮口冲击波和噪声严重伤害火炮操作手身体健康，包括损害炮手听觉系统及身体内部器官；此外冲击波和噪声会损坏火炮自身结构及暴露自身所在位置。火炮减压减噪装置就是为降低或减少火炮发射时炮口冲击波和噪声带来的负面影响而专门设计的一种装置。针对火炮发射过程中弹丸出炮口产生炮口流场（包括初始流场和主流场） ，本文使用SolidWorks三维设计软件建立两个模型： 活塞在圆管内运行的简化模型带减压减噪装置的圆管模型，应用计算流体力学数值模拟计算方法，基于网格划分软件 ICEM 对两种模型分别采用采用结构化和非结构化 Tetra/Mix 两种网格划分方法；使用流场分析软件Fluent，对炮口流场（动态压力、静态压力、气流温度、气流速度）进行模拟仿真。采取安装减压减噪装置和和不安装减压减噪装置的措施，分别分析研究流场形成和发展过程，得出两种条件下流场高压幅值。通过对比分析带减压减噪装置和不带减压减噪装置炮口流场特性得知，带减压减噪装置炮口流场高压幅值明显降低，减压减噪装置装置达到了降压降噪的效果。本课题从理论和实验两个角度验证了降压减噪装置的功能， 证明了火炮安装减压减噪装置用于降压降噪方案的可行性，对深入研究如何将减压减噪装置实际运用到火炮上具有参考意义。43116
毕业论文关键字：减压减噪 炮口冲击波 噪声 计算流体力学 超压幅值
Title Design of a certain cannon silencer
Abstract The cannon produces high intensity sound pressure and muzzle blast wave while infiring, which hurts nearby gunners severely. In addition, high intensity soundand muzzle blast wave, caused by firing gun, destructs gun’s structure and revealits location to enemy. The cannon silencer,as referred above, is designedparticularly to decrease high intensity pressure and muzzle blast wave.A priority we are going to do is that analysis muzzle flow field with simulationof which we will get digital result, and we do the whole process through withoutsilencer. Those digital result we’re about to get includes pressure, temperatureand velocity. Secondly, we get simulation work done once again, but with thesilencer being added. Based on what study we have done, with Computational FluidDynamics principle and Mechanical design and specific technology on artillery we’re able to correct silencer designing. Finally, we can make utility of silenceron cannon, which decreasing sound and blast wave, to its limit as it could be.
Keywords Slilencer Blust wave High intensity sound Computational fluiddynamics
目次
1绪论....1
1.1选题背景1
1.2国内外关于内弹道学及膛口冲击波的研究1
1.3本论文的主要工作和要实现的任务...2
2炮口气流现象..4
2.1炮口气流....4
2.1.1炮口气流流出的一般概念...4
2.1.2炮口噪声..4
2.2基本假设、推论及重要关系式..4
2.3本章小结....5
3计算流体力学（CFD）基本模型6
3.1流体力学中系统与控制体6
3.1.1质量守恒方程（连续性方程）6
3.1.2动量守恒方程6
3.1.3能量守恒方程7
3.2ANSYSICEMCFD网格划分介绍7
3.2关于网格....8
3.3ICEM文件类型....8
3.4ICEM网格生成流程.9
3.5简单湍流模型..9
3.6初始条件和边界条件....9
3.6.1初始条件...9
3.6.2边界条件.10
3.7有关Fluent动网格计算方法..10
3.7.1动网格更新方法...10
3.7.2基于弹性变形的网格调整.11
3.7.3动态网格层变方法....11
3.7.4局部网格重构方法....12
SolidWorks某火炮炮口减压减噪装置设计:http://www.751com.cn/jixie/lunwen_43800.html