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摘要含氟聚氨酯弹性体(FTPU)是一种新型功能型高分子材料，聚氨酯链段中引入氟基团，使得含氟聚氨酯(FPU)同时具备聚氨酯和含氟聚合物的优点，如高强度、高韧性和高缓冲性能很好的热稳定性，耐溶剂和化学品性，较低的表面张力和低摩擦系数等。本文研究了含氟聚氨酯的合成、性能及应用研究发展状况，并对今后的研究发展进行了展望。本实验用聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMEG)和含氟多元醇(PF)、有机多异氰酸酯4，4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）和扩链剂1，4-丁二醇（BDO）合成含氟聚氨酯。本文用了红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和X衍射试验表明了氟元素引入了聚氨酯基体中；扫描电镜、接触角测试和力学分析证明了，随着氟含量的增加，微相分离程度增加，力学性能与表面性能下降，耐腐蚀性测试说明了随着氟的引入，耐化学品性提高。24197
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毕业论文关键词：含氟聚氨酯，弹性体，合成，接触角，应用
Abstract
Fluorinated polyurethane elastomers (FTPU) are species of novel functional macromolecule materials. Fluorinated thermoplastic polyurethane (FPU) combine some virtues of both PU and fluorinated polymer, when fluorine groups introduced into PU, such as high strength, high toughness and high damping properties, good thermal stability, solvent and chemical resistance, lower surface tension, and low coefficient of friction. The synthesis, properties and applications of fluorinated polyurethane were reviewed. Moreover, the future developments of the study of fluorinated polyurethane were also prospected. In this experiment, fluorinated polyurethane was synthesized by poly (tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMEG), PF-idol, diphenylmethylene diisocyanate (MDI) and chain extender 1, 4-butanediol (BDO). In this paper, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum and X ray diffraction test showed that the fluorine has been introduced into the polyurethane matrix, Scanning electron microscopy, contact angle analysis and mechanics testing proved that with increasing fluorine content, the microphase separation degree increased, decreased mechanical properties and surface properties, corrosion test shows that with the introduction of fluorine, chemical resistance increase.
Key words: fluorinated polyurethane, elastomer, synthesis, contact angle, application
目 录
1 文献综述 1
1.1 聚氨酯弹性体概述 1
1.1.1 TPU弹性体特点 1
1.1.2 TPU应用 3
1.2 聚氨酯改性种类 4
1.2.1 有机硅改性聚氨酯 4
1.2.2 聚酰亚胺－聚氨酯 5
1.2.3 丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯 5
1.2.4 纳米无机粒子改性聚氨酯 5
1.3 含氟聚氨酯弹性体概述 5
1.3.1 组成结构 6
1.3.2 含氟TPU弹性体特点 7
1.3.3 应用领域 8
1.4 发展与前景 9
1.5 本课题的目的和意义 10
1.6 研究内容和目标 10
1.6.1 研究内容 10
1.6.2 研究目标 10
2实验部分 11
2.1 原料及试剂 11
2.2 实验仪器 11
2.3 选择的工艺路线和研究方法 13
2.3.1 FTPU-1的制备 14
2.3.2 FTPU-2的制备 14
2.4 含氟聚氨酯弹性体结构表征与性能测试 15
2.4.1 红外光谱 15
2.4.2 核磁共振 15
2.4.3 X射线衍射 16