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摘要本论文旨在以热塑性聚氨酯弹性体（TPU）为改性剂，借助机械共混法，通过改变TPU/PVC的配比，制备出一系列的TPU/PVC复合材料。拉伸性能表明，TPU用量的增加，TPU/PVC复合材料的拉伸强度呈现先增后减，当TPU含量在40%的时候TPU/PVC是最佳配比，较纯PVC增加了136%。材料的硬度与回弹性能表明，TPU用量的增加，TPU/PVC复合材料的硬度持续增加，较纯PVC增加了36％，TPU/PVC复合材料的回弹先增后减，TPU含量在40%的时候TPU/PVC是最佳配比，较纯的PVC增高了34.2%。TPU/PVC复合材料的玻璃化转变温度随着TPU含量的增加而提高。表明TPU改性剂的引入可显著改善PVC材料的综合性能和降低了使用成本，因此TPU/PVC复合材料是一种可以替代TPU的具有热塑性弹性体材料。8375
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关键词: PVC；热塑性弹性体；聚氨酯；复合材料；机械共混
Preparation and Characterization of TPU/PVC composites
Abstract: PVC was toughened through melt mechanical method, in which thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer （TPU） was used as modifiers, and then a series of TPU/PVC composites are prepared by changing the ratio of TPU/PVC. Results show that with the increase of the dosage of TPU, the tensile strength of TPU/PVC composite decreases after initial increasing. When the content of TPU is 40%, TPU/PVC composite reaches the best ratio and the tensile strength of TPU/PVC composite is 136% higher than that of pure PVC; With the increase of dosage of TPU, the hardness of TPU/PVC composite increases continuously and is 36% higher than pure PVC; With the increase of dosage of TPU, the resilience of TPU/PVC composite decreases after initial increasing. When the content of TPU is 40%, TPU/PVC composite reaches the best ratio and the resilience of TPU/PVC composite is 34.2% higher than pure PVC. The glass transition temperature of TPU/PVC composites increase with the increase of TPU content. It indicates that introduction of TPU modifier can significantly improve the comprehensive performance of PVC materials and also can reduce the use cost. Therefore, TPU/PVC composite material is a kind of thermoplastic elastomer material, which can instead of TPU.
Keywords： PVC;Thermoplastic elastomer;Polyurethane;Composite;Mechanical blending
目 录
1 文献综述 1
1.1 聚氯乙烯概述 1
1.1.1 聚氯乙烯的定义 1
1.2.2 聚氯乙烯的结构 1
1.2.3 聚氯乙烯的性能 1
1.2 热塑性聚氨酯概述 2
1.2.1 热塑性聚氨酯定义 2
1.2.2 热塑性聚氨酯共混改性的优异性能 2
1.2.3 热塑性聚氨酯共混改性的研究进展 2
1.3 TPU/PVC复合材料研究进展 3
1.3.1 热塑性聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯共混性能 3
1.3.2 热塑性聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯共混改性的相容性 3
1.3.3 热塑性聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯共混工艺 3
1.3.4 不同因素对TPU/PVC共混物的影响 4
1.3.5 热塑性聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯共混物的应用 5
1.3.6 聚氯乙烯和热塑性聚氨酯共混研究现状及现有问题 6
1.4 本文的研究内容 6
1.5 立题的目的和意义 6
1.6 研究内容和目标 7
1.6.1 热塑性聚氨酯/聚氯乙烯的共混物的热稳定性研究 7
1.6.2 热塑性聚氨酯与聚氯乙烯机械共混性能的研究 7
2 实验部分 8
2.1 原料及试剂 8
2.2 生产设备及仪器 8