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    AbstractIn order to predict the flattening rate of the cross-section accurately during the tube bendingthegeneration principlethe solution and the influence factor of the cross-section flattening were studied.Onthe basis of the plane-stress and the assumption that the plastic volume is constantthree-dimensional strainformulas were established in consider of the cross-section flattening.41554
    Considering the wall-thickness changethe approximate calculation formulas of short axis flattening rate were deducedwith the outer diameter andthe inner diameter as parameters.Because different materials have different cross-section flattening ratesamaterial correction factor was introduced to modify the formula based on experiments.Finallythe validityof the theoretical formulas was proved according to the calculation and the experiment resultswhich canprovide a reference for the forming quality prediction in tube bending.Key wordscoreless tube bendingcross-section flatteningwall-thickness variationchange-rate of shortaxisCLC numberTH 386.3  Document codeA  Article ID1004-0579201401-0037-05  The cross-section flattening is one of the inevi-table defects during the tube bending processwhichaffects the flow statevelocity distribution of themedium and the tube functional effects directly.Howeverdue to the measure difficulty of the tubeinner diameterthe cross-section flat rate of outerdiameter is usually used to evaluate the tube bendingforming qualitywhich ignores the change of innerdiameter caused by wall-thickness strainand leadsto the reduction of the evaluation credibility.As aresultit is important to study the flattening genera-tion mechanism of cross-section in tube bendingprocess and establish accurate theoretical formula.
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