- 上一篇：Java技术的Web应用设计模型英文文献和中文翻译
- 下一篇：Rubyonrails服务器英文文献和中文翻译
The pupils of grade 7 of a primary school (According to the curriculum in the Czech Republic, sorted by topics inthe Framework Education Program for Elementary Education FEP EE (2007), part Man and Nature - Physics)worked with the models in the chapter „Forces and their properties“. According to their surprising reactions, we suppose, that they have not realized the action of the forces on that simple, but very often used, instrument so far.Anyway, the feedback on this model was positive. In a parallel class, where the model was not used during the teaching, the demonstration of the new topic was more problematic.The models „Free fall of a parachutist with closed/open parachute – who jumps off a balloon“ and „Free fall of a parachutist with closed/open parachute – who jumps off an airplane“ were also applied in grade 7 in the chapter„Objects motion“. The critical velocity of the falling objects in an environment with resistance was emphasized.The model „First drive of the ball with top/down spin and without spin“ was also shown in the grade 7 in the chapter „Objects motion “. The pupils playing tennis and volleyball were especially interested in the trajectory of the flying ball with the subsequent bounce.The pupils appreciated the illustration, the simplicity and the brevity of the shown phenomena. The main benefit for them is the accessibility on the Internet.At universities, the models, their creation and their editing were used in the subject „Computers in Physics“. The source code and its subsequent modification were the topics discussed with the students. Another part of the discussion was the usage of the models at primary school. The acceptance of the students can be compared with the acceptance of the pupils. The conclusion of the conducted discussion can be summarized in the two following points:69146
• The models can be considered as a convenient way of alternative means of teaching
• The explanation of the courses by the teacher is always necessary The creation of pictures in PHP is in general easy, as demonstrated in the example. It is necessary to choose the suitable parameters of the functions which we use. The drawing „point after point“ is selected most often to show the course of the dependence of the variables.The presented models and others in preparation are freely available on the web address http://modelace.ic.cz. Other physical phenomena that are suitable for modeling are: Ohm’s Law, thermal expansion of materials, the dependence of resistance of materials on temperature, the change of internal energy in dependence on temperature,the uniform motion, the uniformly accelerated motion, the hydrostatic pressure, the hydrostatic pressure force.The models are suitable for using in the exposure and fixation phase of the lesson. The pupils are then taught the skills of how to work with the graphs and they learn the inpidual courses of the values. We prepare an introduction of interactivity in the models, throughout the drawing parts.
The models are used in all phases of the lesson (motivation, exposure, fixation, diagnosis, application). Most frequently, they are used in the exposure and fixation phases of the lesson. They also play a role in the motivation phase of the whole lesson, eventually only in discussed part of the topic.The actual models and the process of their creation can also serve as an element that creates the crosscurriculum relationships with other subjects (Computer Science, Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, Economy,Sociology and Physical Education).When we use the models, we have to work very carefully with the inpidual variables. We should change just one value, follow its development on the model and that by such elementary steps that are acceptable for the pupils, otherwise the pupils can be overwhelm by information.
B.原文的翻译
在PHP动态建模