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毕业论文关键词： 影剧院；消防设计；火灾隐患分析；防排烟系统；消火栓系统；火灾自动报警系统；灭火器配置
Fire protection system design of public places
Design Notes：Nowadays, there are many big-scale public buildings in cities, such as supermarket, pub, cinema, theater, gym and large-sized amusement places. There are many personnel-intensive, multi-combustible materials and electrical equipment, which increases the risk of fire. At the same time ,when fire happens, many stampedes occur due to staff confusion, congestion and obstruction, or because of injuries caused by improper means of escape. So it improves people to place high priority to fire safety. It is necessary for us to study the current study fire hazards in public places and their characteristics and do reasonable, effective fire safety design.
The main contents of this design include: (1) background and significance of this article; (2)analysis fire hazards of public places;(3)fire protection system design of a public place; (4) general layout of fire control (5) partition of fire control design; (6) safety evacuation; (7)fire water system design; (8) fire extinguisher design (9)fire automatic alarm system; (10) sprinkler systems.
The objective of this design is a showplace. This building locates in MingHang District, Shanghai, with convenient transportation. The construction area of this building is 19794 m²; base construction area is 6710 m².This building consists of 3 floors above the ground, with a total height of 26.2 m. Therefore, this building belongs to high-rise building. The service life period of this building is 50 years.
This design mainly involves the standard" code for fire protection design of buildings" GB50016-2006," fire protection design of tall buildings" GB50045-95," for design of automatic fire alarm system," GB50116-98" code for design of sprinkler systems " GB50140-2005" code for design of architectural specification extinguisher. Main references of The design includes " building fire protection design", "automatic water spraying fire extinguishing system design manual", "high-rise building fire protection design handbook", "building fire protection technology" and other books, and a large number of books in the Library Journal, many fire engineering design data, a large amount of information and knowledge has been collected from library.
The general layout of fire control of this building involves the identification of fire-resistance rating, fireproof distance and lane for fire-fighting. In accordance with some regulations and rules, this building has been rated as the second class public building, and its fire-resistance rating as the second level, the fireproof distance between this building and other high-rise buildings should be 9m, while between this building and other residence and podium should be 6m.
The general layout of fire control of this building mainly designs the fire-proof part and smoke-proof part inside this building.In the first place, aiming at a showplace, this design does a smoke-proof design. In line with the general layout draft of this building, this paper finishes the design of smoke-proof system of this building, including rating the fire-proof rank in line with the structure and layout of this building, separating fire-proof pision and smoke-proof pision, selecting proper fire-discharge method, calculating and making sure the pressure of smoke-discharging machine, designing proper mechanical smoke-discharging method to places where have the demand of mechanical smoke-discharge, selecting proper smoke-charging volume, calculating the area of proper smoke-discharging hole and the cross-sectional area of the air hose. At last, it arranges the hose and net of smoke-proof and smoke-discharge, and selects proper amount and layout of draught fans.
Fire water supply system design includes the outdoor fire hydrant system and indoor fire hydrant system. Making sure the amount of outdoor fire hydrants and the water supply volume, as for the outside fire hydrant system, the design selects 65mm hydrant, monitor with a 19mm nozzle, and glue-wall hose with 65mm diameter and 20m long. Besides, this design carries out the water-power calculation of full water spout, fire hydrant protective radius, fire hydrant distance, nozzle pressure of monitor, nozzle flow volume of monitor, resistance losses of water hose, required pressure of hydrant’s hole and water tank.