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摘要：人口老龄化是21世纪的重大社会问题,是人类经济发展的必然产物，是国际社会普遍关注的热点问题。中国是世界上第一人口大国，我国的老龄化也最为严重。随着我国人口老龄化问题的加剧,老年人的养老问题已成为我国社会生活中一个不容忽视的问题,然而由于家庭结构的变化,传统的家庭养老和社会养老已经不能解决我国目前的形势问题,社区的发展使其逐渐成为各种服务的依托和载体,在这样的条件下,社区服务在养老中的地位变得越来越重要,城市社区养老服务也随之蓬勃发展起来。10909
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社区养老是我国社会转型时期不可或缺的一种养老模式,它是社会养老和家庭养老的重要补充。社区居家养老的构建与完善将是本毕业论文探讨的中心。本文首先从上海市日趋严重的人口老龄化问题出发,通过分析人口老龄化对本市现有养老方式造成的挑战，提出社区养老是应对养老保障难题的有效方式。其次,通过比较分析现有各种养老形势的优势以及不足来说明社区居家养老的必要性。本文还以马陆镇为例提出加快发展本市社区居家养老的对策与健康发展之路。最后，针对目前社区养老模式存在的问题，提出了相应的对策：促进社区养老服务社会化；加强社区养老服务人员的素质培训；明确政府职责，做好政策引领。
关键词：人口老龄化；养老模式；社区
Shanghai community endowment pattern research in the Humanistic care horizon –In Malu ,Jiading
Abstract：Population aging is the major social problems of the 21st century, it is the inevitable product of human economic development and is a hot issue of common concern to the international community. China is the world's most populous country, China's aging population is the most serious. With an ageing population in our country, the elderly pension problem has become a problem that not’s allow to ignore in our social life, due to the change of family structure, however, the traditional family endowment and social endowment have already can't solve the problem of the current situation in our country, community development makes it become a variety of services based on and the carrier, under such circumstances, community service is becoming more and more important in the position in pension, urban community endowment service has been booming.
Community endowment is indispensable to China's social transformation period a pension mode, it is the important supplement of the social pension and family endowment. Of establishment and improvement of the community home endowment center will be discussed in this paper. This article first embarks from the increasingly serious ageing problem in Shanghai, through the analysis of the aging of population challenges caused by the city's existing endowment way, put forward the community endowment is an effective way to deal with old-age security problem. Secondly, through the comparative analysis of the existing advantages and disadvantages of various pension situation to illustrate the necessity of community home endowment. This article also to malu town as an example and puts forward some countermeasures to speed up the development of the city community home endowment and health development. Finally, in view of the present problems of community endowment mode, put forward the corresponding countermeasures, promote community endowment service socialization; Strengthen community endowment service personnel's quality training; Clear the government responsibilities, completes the policy guide.
Key Words: An aging population；pension mode；community
目录
一、 绪论 1
（一）研究背景 1
1、老年人口规模大 1
2、“空巢”老年人口比例增大 1
3、老龄化程度高，老年人“抚养比”较高 2