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摘要：塔设备是化工，炼油，医药等各工业生产中重要的传质传热设备。它的作用是实现气-液相或液-液相之间的充分接触，从而达到相际间进行传质及传热的目的。塔设备广泛用于蒸馏、吸收、气提、萃取等单元操作中。汽提塔属于压力容器，主要用于汽液混合物的分离，液体由塔顶连续进入，水平流过一塔板后，由溢流管流入下一塔板。蒸汽由塔底上升，顶开塔板上的浮阀，水平方向吹入液体层后，继续上升进入上一塔板。氨，是一种无色气体，有强烈的刺激气，极易溶于水,同时它还具有腐蚀性等危险性质。根据任务书给出的参数，计算筒体与封头的壁厚，并进行液压试验。对地震载荷与风载荷进行计算。然后，确定人孔、接管、管法兰、垫片、紧固件的型号及尺寸。根据人孔、接管位置处的厚度计算开孔补强面积。根据设计要求选择塔盘、法兰、内件。19755
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关键词：气提塔；氨气；强度校核
Design of Atmospheric Pressure Stripper
Abstract：Tower equipment is chemical, oil refining, pharmaceutical and other industrial production of heat and mass transfer equipment. Its role is to make gas- liquid or liquid - liquid phase sufficient contact, so as to achieve inter-phase between the mass transfer and heat transfer purposes. Tower equipment is widely used in distillation, absorption, the gas stripping and extraction unit operation. Stripper belong to the pressure vessel, is mainly used for separation of the vapor-liquid mixture, the liquid flow into the continuous from the tower top, horizontal flow through the tray, composed of an overflow pipe into the next tray. Ammonia,is a colorless gas with a strong pungent odor, easily soluble in water, meanwhile it also has a corrosive hazardous nature. Cylinder body and the head of the wall thickness is calculated by the parameters given task book, and doing hydraulic test, calculating earthquake load and wind load. Then, determining the type and size of manhole, pipe, pipe flange, gasket, fasteners. According to the manhole, took over the position of the thickness calculation of opening reinforcement area. According to the requirements of the design, selection, internal flange tray.
Keyword：stripper; ammonia; strength check
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1 课题简介 1
1.2 汽提塔的工作原理 1
1.3 课题研究的意义 1
1.4 开孔补强的研究 2
2常压氨气汽提塔塔体设计 3
2.1 设计工艺参数 3
2.2 塔体的设计 3
2.2.1 材料的选择与论证 3
2.2.2 塔板的选择 3
2.3封头结构型式的选择与论证 3
2.3.1 半球形封头 3
2.3.2 蝶形封头 6
2.3.3 椭圆形封头 6
2.3.4 无折边封头 6
2.3.5 锥形封头 6
2.3.6 平板封头 6
2.4裙座结构型式的选择与论证 6
2.4.1 裙座与塔体封头的连接 7
2.4.2 地脚螺栓 7
2.4.3 人孔和手孔 8
2.4.4 排气孔 8
2.4.5 汽提塔的结构简图 8
2.5 筒体壁厚计算 9
2.6 封头的设计计算 10
2.6.1封头壁厚计算 10
2.6.2 封头参数的确定 10
3强度、刚度及稳定性计算 10
3.1 汽提塔质量载荷计算 10
3.1.1 塔体圆筒、封头、裙座质量 10
3.1.2 内件质量 11
3.1.3 保温层质量 11