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摘要：乙草胺是酰胺类除草剂,其活性高,是至今我国使用非常多的除草剂。本文研究了乙草胺在土壤中的环境行为,主要包括其在土壤中的迁移和淋溶。土壤中农药的迁移是横向的,是农药分子不规则运动导致的；而农药的淋溶过程则是其在土壤环境中纵向移动的过程,是由于其在重力或流动水作用下向下渗透引起的。本文通过土壤薄层层析法衡量乙草胺在土壤中的移动指标,求出比移值Rf为0.34,参照农药移动等级的分类,得出结论:乙草胺的移动性不强,具体移动等级是Ⅱ级。用土柱淋溶法考察了乙草胺的淋溶特征,根据乙草胺在土柱中以及淋出液中农药的分布情况,评价乙草胺的淋溶程度。农药的使用就是环境中乙草胺的主要源头,对人类健康造成很大影响,但是农药又是现在的农业中不能缺少的,所以研究乙草胺在土壤中的特性是十分有必要的。25166
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毕业论文关键词：乙草胺；土壤；环境行为；薄层层析；柱淋溶
The environmental behavior of acetochlor in soil
Student majoring in The Application of Chemistry HongjieLiu
Tutor Hong Yang
Abstract: Acetochlor is one of the most active herbicides in amide herbicides,which is widely used in China. In this paper,the environmental behavior of acetochlor in soil was studied, including its migration in the soil and the leaching behavior.The process of migration of the pesticide is lateral movement in the soil environment,due to the irregular movement of pesticide. While the process of leaching of the pesticide is longitudinal movement in the soil environment, due to the flowing water or gravity resulted in acetochlor trickle down. The stronger the soil adsorption, the pesticide is the more difficult to move. To measure the mobile performance index of the acetochlor in the soil, we chose the soil thin layer chromatography to compare with the reference pesticide mobile performance classification through calculating the shift value (Rf). The Rfvalue of acetochlor is 0.34. Finally,we came to a conclusion that the acetochlor belongs to weak mobility pesticide, and its mobile grade is II. We chose soil column leaching to evaluate the leaching characteristics of acetochlor in the soil, according to the distribution of acetochlor in soil column and elute. The main source of acetochlor in environment is the use of the pesticide,which does great harm to human health. But the pesticide is one of the indispensable in modern agricultural production and plays a very important role. So the study of environmental behavior of acetochlor in soils is of very vital significance.
Key words: Acetochlor; soil; environmental behavior; thin layer chromatography; column leaching
目 录
摘要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key words 1
引言 1
1材料与方法 2
1.1仪器与试剂 2
1.1.1仪器 2
1.1.2试剂及材料 2
1.2实验方法 3
1.2.1薄层层析实验 3
1.2.2土柱淋溶实验 3
1.2.3高效液相色谱检测条件 4
2结果与分析 4
2.1土柱淋溶实验 4
2.1.1土柱淋溶水样曲线 4
2.1.2土柱淋溶土样曲线 5
2.2 薄层层析实验 6
3讨论 7
3.1薄层层析实验注意事项 7
3.2提取步骤注意事项 7
3.3HPLC注意事项 7
3.4土柱淋溶实验注意事项 8
4结论 8
致谢 8
参考文献 8
乙草胺在土壤中的环境行为
引言